Question 1

Define "chunking" and explain how this concept reveals that working memory can hold more than 7 plus or minus 2 words/numbers.

Accepted Answer

The answer should identify chu...

Question 2

Which is most effective; distributed or massed practice?

Accepted Answer

distributed

Question 3

Emotion might enhance memory by a number of mechanisms. Which mechanism below is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased rehearsal - Portia remembers with vivid, almost surreal clarity everything about the night that her Mom told her that she and Portia's father were planning a divorce.
B)   special mechanism - During a test, Ramon tries to recapture the relaxed feeling he had when he studied the material earlier in the week.
C)   retrieval cue - Quinn often views the pictures he and his fiancé took of their joyous honeymoon.
D)   increased elaboration - When her boyfriend embarrasses her in front of her coworkers, Serena thinks of other instances in which her boyfriend humiliated her in public.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

When you tell an acquaintance your telephone number, you do not recite the digits one by one at a constant rate, as in "3, 3, 7, 2, 3, 4, 8, 3, 9, 2." Rather, you might say, "3, 3, 7 . . . 2, 3, 4 . . . 83, 92." This exemplifies ________, a strategy to enhance ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   consolidation; sensory
B)   consolidation; working
C)   chunking; sensory
D)   chunking; workingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The inability to retrieve information from long term memory might be due to retrieval failure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

You desperately need to study French vocabulary. Your roommate recommends that you sit at your desk and turn off the TV and your phone. Is this good advice? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yes, it is good advice. Automatic processes are susceptible to interruption by distractions.
B)   Yes, it is good advice. Effortful processes are susceptible to interruption by distractions.
C)   No, it is not especially good advice. Automatic processes are not susceptible to interruption by distractions.
D)   No, it is not especially good advice. Effortful processes are not susceptible to interruption by distractions.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

You are trying to remember an address long enough to map it using your search engine. Research suggests that you will probably encode the address using a(n)  ______ code.

Accepted Answer

A)   phonological
B)   semantic
C)   visual
D)   eideticE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Memory distortions occur because we tend to rely on ________codes during encoding and we may be unable to accurately reconstruct memories during retrieval.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Memory distortions occur because we tend to...

Question 9

As we age, parts of the brain such as the ________begin to shrink.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As we age, parts of the brain...

Question 10

Some psychologists believe that test anxiety results in poor performance on examinations because the negative thoughts accompanying the anxiety impede the retrieval of test-relevant information. This illustrates an application of the ______ theory of forgetting.

Accepted Answer

A)   interference
B)   misinformation
C)   decay
D)   repressionE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

George took a history exam that required him to remember names and dates from "scratch." This lack of retrieval cues identifies what type of memory task format?

Accepted Answer

A)   recognition
B)   recall
C)   essay
D)   short answer
E)   plastificationF) B) and D)
G) B) and C) A

Question 12

While learning the colors associated with our perception of the visual spectrum, Susan memorized "ROY G BIV." This is an example of which type of memory aid?

Accepted Answer

A)   cretacious induction
B)   mnemonic device
C)   workable encoding
D)   episodic divination
E)   all of theseF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

The prefrontal cortex is to the hippocampus as ________ memory is to ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   long-term; working
B)   working; long-term
C)   sensory; long-term
D)   long-term; sensoryE) B) and C)
F) A) and C) B

Question 14

Concerning the activation of areas in visual cortex by true and false memories, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   True memories activate both primary visual cortex and visual association areas, while false memories activate only the visual association areas.
B)   Both true and false memories activate not only primary visual cortex, but also the visual association areas.
C)   True memories activate primary visual cortex, while false memories activate the visual association areas.
D)   False memories activate both primary visual cortex and visual association areas, while true memories activate only primary visual cortex.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

What has empirical research had to say regarding the idea that people repress the memory of unpleasant events?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nothing - research has yet to investigate the concept of repression.
B)   Empirical research offers little support for the idea of repression.
C)   Empirical research offers moderate support for the notion of repression.
D)   Empirical research strongly supports the concept of repression.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Regardless of precise organization, how are the pieces of information stored in long term memory linked to one another?

Accepted Answer

they form ...

Question 17

Which of the following activities is CORRECTLY identified as either an automatic processing task or an effortful processing task?

Accepted Answer

A)   memorizing a sonnet --- automatic processing
B)   estimating how long you have been studying English this evening - automatic processing
C)   solving an algebra problem - automatic processing
D)   driving a familiar route - effortful processingE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

______ or consciously repeating information increases the likelihood of information being encoded into working memory

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ or consciously repeating information increases the...

Question 19

According to interference theory, forgetting is dependent on what happens before or after information is learned.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Gemma studies History immediately before she falls asleep, so that it will be the last thing that she learns each day. Holt plays tapes of his professor's Economics lectures while he sleeps, thinking he'll absorb the material 'subconsciously.' Armed with your knowledge of the psychology of memory, what might you tell Gemma? Holt?

Accepted Answer

A)   I would tell Gemma that material encoded immediately prior to sleep is unlikely to be rehearsed sufficiently for its optimal retention. I would tell Holt that he'll actually learn a surprising amount that way.
B)   I would tell Gemma that she has a good idea, because learning material immediately prior to sleep minimizes interference. I would tell Holt that the material on his tapes will not be encoded while he sleeps.
C)   I would tell Gemma that material encoded immediately prior to sleep is unlikely to be rehearsed sufficiently for its optimal retention. I would tell Holt that the material on his tapes will not be encoded while he sleeps.
D)   I would tell both Gemma and Holt that the material they are trying to learn is unlikely to be encoded given their strategies.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 8: Memory

Define "chunking" and explain how this concept reveals that working memory can hold more than 7 plus or minus 2 words/numbers.

Correct Answer
verified
The answer should identify chu...
View Answer

Which is most effective; distributed or massed practice?

Correct Answer
verified
distributed

Emotion might enhance memory by a number of mechanisms. Which mechanism below is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Correct Answer
verified

When you tell an acquaintance your telephone number, you do not recite the digits one by one at a constant rate, as in "3, 3, 7, 2, 3, 4, 8, 3, 9, 2." Rather, you might say, "3, 3, 7 . . . 2, 3, 4 . . . 83, 92." This exemplifies __, a strategy to enhance memory.

Correct Answer
verified

The inability to retrieve information from long term memory might be due to retrieval failure.

Correct Answer
verified

You desperately need to study French vocabulary. Your roommate recommends that you sit at your desk and turn off the TV and your phone. Is this good advice? Why or why not?

Correct Answer
verified

You are trying to remember an address long enough to map it using your search engine. Research suggests that you will probably encode the address using a(n) ______ code.

Correct Answer
verified

Memory distortions occur because we tend to rely on ________codes during encoding and we may be unable to accurately reconstruct memories during retrieval.

Correct Answer
verified

As we age, parts of the brain such as the ________begin to shrink.

Correct Answer
verified

Some psychologists believe that test anxiety results in poor performance on examinations because the negative thoughts accompanying the anxiety impede the retrieval of test-relevant information. This illustrates an application of the ______ theory of forgetting.

Correct Answer
verified

George took a history exam that required him to remember names and dates from "scratch." This lack of retrieval cues identifies what type of memory task format?

Correct Answer
verified
A

While learning the colors associated with our perception of the visual spectrum, Susan memorized "ROY G BIV." This is an example of which type of memory aid?

Correct Answer
verified

The prefrontal cortex is to the hippocampus as memory is to memory.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Concerning the activation of areas in visual cortex by true and false memories, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct Answer
verified

What has empirical research had to say regarding the idea that people repress the memory of unpleasant events?

Correct Answer
verified

Regardless of precise organization, how are the pieces of information stored in long term memory linked to one another?

Correct Answer
verified
they form ...
View Answer

Which of the following activities is CORRECTLY identified as either an automatic processing task or an effortful processing task?

Correct Answer
verified

______ or consciously repeating information increases the likelihood of information being encoded into working memory

Correct Answer
verified

According to interference theory, forgetting is dependent on what happens before or after information is learned.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Memory

Define "chunking" and explain how this concept reveals that working memory can hold more than 7 plus or minus 2 words/numbers.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe answer should identify chu...View AnswerShow Answer

Which is most effective; distributed or massed practice?

Correct Answerverifieddistributed

Emotion might enhance memory by a number of mechanisms. Which mechanism below is CORRECTLY matched with an example?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you tell an acquaintance your telephone number, you do not recite the digits one by one at a constant rate, as in "3, 3, 7, 2, 3, 4, 8, 3, 9, 2." Rather, you might say, "3, 3, 7 . . . 2, 3, 4 . . . 83, 92." This exemplifies ________, a strategy to enhance ______ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inability to retrieve information from long term memory might be due to retrieval failure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You desperately need to study French vocabulary. Your roommate recommends that you sit at your desk and turn off the TV and your phone. Is this good advice? Why or why not?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are trying to remember an address long enough to map it using your search engine. Research suggests that you will probably encode the address using a(n) ______ code.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memory distortions occur because we tend to rely on ________codes during encoding and we may be unable to accurately reconstruct memories during retrieval.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As we age, parts of the brain such as the ________begin to shrink.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychologists believe that test anxiety results in poor performance on examinations because the negative thoughts accompanying the anxiety impede the retrieval of test-relevant information. This illustrates an application of the ______ theory of forgetting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George took a history exam that required him to remember names and dates from "scratch." This lack of retrieval cues identifies what type of memory task format?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

While learning the colors associated with our perception of the visual spectrum, Susan memorized "ROY G BIV." This is an example of which type of memory aid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prefrontal cortex is to the hippocampus as ________ memory is to ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Concerning the activation of areas in visual cortex by true and false memories, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What has empirical research had to say regarding the idea that people repress the memory of unpleasant events?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regardless of precise organization, how are the pieces of information stored in long term memory linked to one another?

Correct Answerverifiedthey form ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following activities is CORRECTLY identified as either an automatic processing task or an effortful processing task?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ or consciously repeating information increases the likelihood of information being encoded into working memory

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to interference theory, forgetting is dependent on what happens before or after information is learned.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
The answer should identify chu...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
distributed

Correct Answer
verified

When you tell an acquaintance your telephone number, you do not recite the digits one by one at a constant rate, as in "3, 3, 7, 2, 3, 4, 8, 3, 9, 2." Rather, you might say, "3, 3, 7 . . . 2, 3, 4 . . . 83, 92." This exemplifies __, a strategy to enhance memory.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

The prefrontal cortex is to the hippocampus as memory is to memory.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
they form ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified