Question 1

Dr. Dobbins wants to study attachment patterns in single-parent families. The first step in her scientific investigation would be to

Accepted Answer

A)   design the study and select the research method.
B)   analyze the data.
C)   formulate a testable hypothesis.
D)   collect the data.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Psychologists use a variety of data collection techniques; which of the following is well suited for studying attitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)   questionnaires
B)   direct observations
C)   psychological tests
D)   physiological recordingsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a variation that the experimental method can use?

Accepted Answer

A)   use one group of subjects who serve as both the experimental group and as their own control
B)   use an experimental group only and have no control group
C)   manipulate more than one independent variable
D)   measure more than one dependent variableE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The use of mathematics to organize, summarize, and interpret numerical information is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   calculus.
B)   functional analysis.
C)   statistics.
D)   algebra.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result is the

Accepted Answer

A)   scientific method.
B)   correlational method.
C)   descriptive method.
D)   experimental method.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Accepted Answer

A)   increased noticeably in recent decades.
B)   increased for mail surveys but decreased for phone surveys.
C)   remained relatively constant since the early 1950s.
D)   declined noticeably in recent decades.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

The measure of central tendency that is MOST sensitive to (or most influenced by)  extreme scores in a distribution is the

Accepted Answer

A)   standard deviation.
B)   mean.
C)   median.
D)   mode.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

In compiling case studies clinicians and researchers often focus on information that is consistent with their own theoretical slant. As a result, case studies tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   be the most accurate records available for the majority of psychological disorders.
B)   lack enough detail to provide any useful insights to other psychologists.
C)   be highly subjective.
D)   have too many dependent variables.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Accepted Answer

A)   a positive relationship between two variables.
B)   a negative relationship between two variables.
C)   the lack of a relationship between two variables.
D)   a perfect relationship between two variables.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which research method involves an in-depth investigation of an individual subject?

Accepted Answer

A)   an experiment
B)   a case study
C)   a survey
D)   a naturalistic observationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Perhaps the greatest advantage associated with descriptive research methods is

Accepted Answer

A)   a sensitivity to ethical concerns.
B)   the isolation of cause and effect linkages in behavior.
C)   the ability to focus on specific, isolated behaviors.
D)   the ability to explore questions that cannot be examined using experimental procedures.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 12

Bill received a poor performance evaluation in his job last year. Since then Bill has started working through his lunch hour, he has taken on four special projects, and enrolled in night classes to upgrade his computer skills. If Bill receives a better evaluation at his next performance it will be hard for him to figure out why because

Accepted Answer

A)   he failed to use a double-blind procedure to test his hypothesis.
B)   he didn't formulate a research hypothesis before implementing the changes.
C)   none of the actions he took are likely to be related to his overall job performance.
D)   the three actions he took are confounded with each other.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Imagine that the personality traits of conscientiousness and extroversion are negatively correlated. If Wilfred's score in conscientiousness is extremely low

Accepted Answer

A)   he would probably score close to the median on the extroversion scale.
B)   he would most likely score at the high end of the extroversion scale.
C)   he would most likely score at the low end of the extroversion scale.
D)   it is impossible to predict how he is likely to score on the extroversion scale without more information.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

The Featured Study on "The Emotional Fallout of Expected and Unexpected Outcomes" BEST relates to the text's unifying theme

Accepted Answer

A)   psychology is theoretically diverse.
B)   people's experience of the world is highly subjective.
C)   behavior is shaped by cultural heritage.
D)   psychology is empirical.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Jolyn believed that there were gender differences in driving habits. To test this assumption she stood near a quiet intersection. Jolyn recorded the gender of each driver who approached a stop sign, and also whether the individual came to a complete stop before proceeding into the intersection. Jolyn is conducting

Accepted Answer

A)   an experiment with two dependent variables.
B)   case study research.
C)   naturalistic observation.
D)   psychological testing.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

In descriptive/correlational research, the investigator

Accepted Answer

A)   systematically observes two variables to see whether there is an association between them.
B)   manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether there are changes in a second variable as a result.
C)   exposes subjects to two closely related treatment conditions.
D)   simultaneously manipulates two or more independent variables.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

In experimental research, subjects that receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable are the

Accepted Answer

A)   experimental group.
B)   control group.
C)   observational group.
D)   correlational group.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship, the ____ variable would be the cause, and the ____ variable would be the effect.

Accepted Answer

A)   dependent; independent
B)   independent; dependent
C)   control; experimental
D)   independent; confoundedE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

A sample is representative if

Accepted Answer

A)   only volunteer subjects are used.
B)   it is as different from the population as possible.
C)   all subjects are chosen from a single, unusual segment of the population.
D)   its composition is similar to the composition of the population.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

A researcher is investigating the effect of high room temperature on aggressive behavior in preschoolers. Half of the children are in a classroom where the temperature is a warm 88 degrees and half are in a classroom where the temperature is a normal 77 degrees. The researcher measures the number of hitting incidents that occur in each classroom. In this study the children in the normal temperature classroom are the

Accepted Answer

A)   primary group.
B)   secondary group.
C)   experimental group.
D)   control group.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship, the variable would be the cause, and the variable would be the effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologists use a variety of data collection techniques; which of the following is well suited for studying attitudes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which research method involves an in-depth investigation of an individual subject?

Correct Answer
verified

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Correct Answer
verified

The Featured Study on "The Emotional Fallout of Expected and Unexpected Outcomes" BEST relates to the text's unifying theme

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Dr. Dobbins wants to study attachment patterns in single-parent families. The first step in her scientific investigation would be to

Correct Answer
verified

The research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result is the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a variation that the experimental method can use?

Correct Answer
verified

Imagine that the personality traits of conscientiousness and extroversion are negatively correlated. If Wilfred's score in conscientiousness is extremely low

Correct Answer
verified

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Correct Answer
verified

In compiling case studies clinicians and researchers often focus on information that is consistent with their own theoretical slant. As a result, case studies tend to

Correct Answer
verified

A sample is representative if

Correct Answer
verified

In experimental research, subjects that receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable are the

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In descriptive/correlational research, the investigator

Correct Answer
verified

The use of mathematics to organize, summarize, and interpret numerical information is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Perhaps the greatest advantage associated with descriptive research methods is

Correct Answer
verified

The measure of central tendency that is MOST sensitive to (or most influenced by) extreme scores in a distribution is the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 3: The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship, the ____ variable would be the cause, and the ____ variable would be the effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists use a variety of data collection techniques; which of the following is well suited for studying attitudes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which research method involves an in-depth investigation of an individual subject?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tendency for participants to participate in survey research appears to have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Featured Study on "The Emotional Fallout of Expected and Unexpected Outcomes" BEST relates to the text's unifying theme

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Dobbins wants to study attachment patterns in single-parent families. The first step in her scientific investigation would be to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The research method in which the investigator manipulates a variable under carefully controlled conditions and observes whether any changes occur in a second variable as a result is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a variation that the experimental method can use?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that the personality traits of conscientiousness and extroversion are negatively correlated. If Wilfred's score in conscientiousness is extremely low

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A correlation coefficient of zero describes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In compiling case studies clinicians and researchers often focus on information that is consistent with their own theoretical slant. As a result, case studies tend to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sample is representative if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In experimental research, subjects that receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In descriptive/correlational research, the investigator

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of mathematics to organize, summarize, and interpret numerical information is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Perhaps the greatest advantage associated with descriptive research methods is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The measure of central tendency that is MOST sensitive to (or most influenced by) extreme scores in a distribution is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If we view an experiment as an attempt to establish a cause-effect relationship, the variable would be the cause, and the variable would be the effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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