A) age at first reproduction
B) duration and schedule of reproduction
C) number of offspring per reproductive episode
D) all of the above
F) A) and B)
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Research on pipefishes, which are fish s...View Answer
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A) Humans tend to live years after their last live birth.
B) Monkeys and apes do not live long after their last live birth.
C) Humans go through menopause because they live years after their last live birth.
D) a and b
E) a, b, and c
G) A) and D)
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D
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The fact that researchers have been able...View Answer
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A) natural selection does not favor long life for long life's sake.
B) longevity-extending mutations lower early reproductive fitness.
C) natural selection favors longer lived organisms.
D) a and b
E) a, b, and c
G) A) and E)
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The probability of remating would likely...View Answer
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A) the father's copy is turned on; the mother's copy is turned off.
B) the mother's copy is turned on; the father's copy is turned off.
C) both the mother's and the father's copies are turned on.
D) both the mother's and the father's copies are turned off.
F) None of the above
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Based on predictions from evolutionary theory, we would expect to see a negative correlation between extrinsic mortality and the rate of senescence. This means that species with higher extrinsic mortality rates would also exhibit a higher rate of senescence, while species with lower extrinsic mortality rates would exhibit a lower rate of senescence.
Therefore, the expected plot would show extrinsic mortality on the x-axis and rate of senescence on the y-axis. The plot would likely show a downward sloping line, indicating the negative correlation between these two variables. This is consistent with the idea that species with higher extrinsic mortality rates would invest more in early reproduction and less in longevity, leading to a faster rate of senescence. Conversely, species with lower extrinsic mortality rates would invest more in longevity, leading to a slower rate of senescence.
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A) Women need to allocate resources toward the demanding needs of offspring and are more able to do so without more children.
B) Women who become pregnant at a later age face a threat to reproductive success by potential loss of current offspring.
C) Women who become pregnant at a later age face the threat of death during childbirth.
D) all of the above
F) A) and B)
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A) In humans, miscarriages can reduce nine months of investment to a month or less for embryos unlikely to survive.
B) Many human embryos with abnormal chromosome numbers result in miscarriages in the first trimester.
C) Most embryos with normal chromosome numbers continue to term.
D) all of the above
F) All of the above
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A) there is a female-biased operational sex ratio.
B) males fight over access to females.
C) females recycle faster than males because they abandon eggs while males take on paternal care.
D) a and b
E) a and c
G) A) and B)
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E
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The ideal organism described in the ques...View Answer
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A) An unlimited diet leads to obesity.
B) A limited diet may trigger a stress response that repairs damaged cells.
C) A limited diet increases the reproductive capacity of an individual.
D) An unlimited diet leads to diabetes.
F) A) and B)
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To determine the effect of the imprinted...View Answer
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A) Animals may vary in longevity, but the aging processes are similar.
B) There is minimal variance in either longevity or the process of aging among animals.
C) The aging process differs dramatically among animal species.
D) Aging must be explained by different evolutionary forces among different species.
F) C) and D)
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A) both males and females cooperating in the care of young.
B) strong sexual selection.
C) more females ready to breed compared to males.
D) females fulfilling the majority of parental care.
F) None of the above
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A) parent-offspring conflict.
B) parental conflict.
C) offspring-offspring conflict.
D) sexual conflict.
F) A) and C)
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The drought causing very low resources i...View Answer
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The emergence of devil facial tumor dise...View Answer
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A) Females without ovaries grow faster because they have free resources to invest in growth.
B) Control females (with ovaries) used resources to invest in eggs.
C) There is a trade-off between growth and reproduction in brown anolis females.
D) a and b only
E) a, b, and c
G) C) and E)
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