Question 1

If solute B moves passively across the basolateral membrane and is actively transported out of the epithelial cell across the apical membrane, then B is (reabsorbed / secreted) across this epithelium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If solute B moves passively across the...

Question 2

What is the process whereby molecules are selectively transported from the peritubular fluid to the lumen of the renal tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   reabsorption
B)   secretion
C)   glomerular filtration
D)   absorption
E)   excretionF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

If solute C moves passively across the basolateral membrane and is actively transported into the epithelial cell across the apical membrane, then C is (reabsorbed / secreted) across this epithelium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If solute C moves passively across the...

Question 4

Over what range of mean arterial pressure does glomerular filtration rate remain stable due to intrinsic regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)   80 -100 mm Hg
B)   50 -150 mm Hg
C)   80 -180 mm Hg
D)   70 -110 mm Hg
E)   80 -120 mm HgF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 5

Changes in mean arterial pressure have the potential to alter glomerular filtration rate by directly altering which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular oncotic pressure
B)   Bowman's capsule oncotic pressure
C)   Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
D)   efferent arteriole resistance
E)   glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressureF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

A decrease in mean arterial pressure will act exclusively in an extrinsic manner to affect glomerular filtration rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by hyperglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Where does blood leaving the glomerulus go next?

Accepted Answer

A)   afferent arteriole
B)   Bowman's capsule
C)   efferent arteriole
D)   peritubular capillary
E)   vasa rectaF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Substances can enter the renal tubules by what renal processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   filtration only
B)   reabsorption only
C)   secretion only
D)   both filtration and secretion
E)   both reabsorption and secretionF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

What are the three components of the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal tubule, loop, and the distal tubule
B)   descending limb, thin ascending limb, and thick ascending limb
C)   thick descending limb, thin descending limb, and thick ascending limb
D)   descending limb, ascending limb, and the bend
E)   descending limb, ascending limb, and the vasa rectaF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Within the kidneys, what membrane has microvilli?

Accepted Answer

A)   apical membrane of renal tubule epithelial cells
B)   apical membrane of vasa recta endothelial cells
C)   glomerulus
D)   basolateral membrane of peritubular capillary endothelial cells
E)   basolateral membrane of renal tubule epithelial cellsF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

The connecting tubules join the distal tubule with the collecting ducts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Stretching of the bladder reflexively causes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   excitation of sympathetic neurons, causing the internal urethral sphincter to relax.
B)   inhibition of somatic neurons to the external urethral sphincter, causing the sphincter to open.
C)   micturition.
D)   excitation of parasympathetic neurons, causing the detrusor muscles to contract.
E)   opening of the urethral sphincters.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 14

What condition(s)  must exist for a solute to be passively reabsorbed from the renal tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   The solute must be able to permeate the membrane of the capillary endothelial cells, and the solute must be in greater concentration in the plasma than tubule fluid.
B)   The solute must be able to permeate the membrane of the tubule epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells. Its concentration is irrelevant.
C)   The solute must be able to permeate the membrane of the capillary endothelial cells, and the solute must be in greater concentration in the tubule fluid than plasma.
D)   The solute must be able to permeate the membrane of the tubule epithelial cells, and the solute must be in greater concentration in the plasma than tubule fluid.
E)   The solute must be able to permeate the membrane of the tubule epithelial cells, and the solute must be in greater concentration in the tubule fluid than plasma.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

The vasa recta are in series with the glomerulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Substances that are reabsorbed from the proximal tubule enter which blood vessel?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus
B)   vasa recta
C)   peritubular capillary
D)   efferent arteriole
E)   afferent arterioleF) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The primary function of the kidneys involves regulating the__________ and the__________of plasma and interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)   pressure : volume
B)   composition : osmolarity
C)   volume : composition
D)   temperature : composition
E)   volume : temperatureF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

The reabsorption of sodium and water occurs in a relatively unregulated manner in the proximal tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following pressures across the glomerular capillaries approaches zero?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular oncotic pressure
B)   Bowman's capsule oncotic pressure
C)   glomerular filtration pressure
D)   Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
E)   glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressureF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

If the amount of solute excreted per minute is greater than the filtered load, then the NET effect on the solute is

Accepted Answer

A)   secretion into the renal tubules.
B)   an absence of secretion in the renal tubules.
C)   reabsorption from the renal tubules.
D)   a combination of reabsorption and secretion in the renal tubules.
E)   an absence of reabsorption in the renal tubules.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Exam 18: The Urinary System: Renal Function

What condition(s) must exist for a solute to be passively reabsorbed from the renal tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by hyperglycemia.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances can enter the renal tubules by what renal processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within the kidneys, what membrane has microvilli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stretching of the bladder reflexively causes all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the amount of solute excreted per minute is greater than the filtered load, then the NET effect on the solute is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A decrease in mean arterial pressure will act exclusively in an extrinsic manner to affect glomerular filtration rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If solute B moves passively across the basolateral membrane and is actively transported out of the epithelial cell across the apical membrane, then B is (reabsorbed / secreted) across this epithelium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in mean arterial pressure have the potential to alter glomerular filtration rate by directly altering which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If solute C moves passively across the basolateral membrane and is actively transported into the epithelial cell across the apical membrane, then C is (reabsorbed / secreted) across this epithelium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that are reabsorbed from the proximal tubule enter which blood vessel?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over what range of mean arterial pressure does glomerular filtration rate remain stable due to intrinsic regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vasa recta are in series with the glomerulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The connecting tubules join the distal tubule with the collecting ducts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pressures across the glomerular capillaries approaches zero?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the process whereby molecules are selectively transported from the peritubular fluid to the lumen of the renal tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where does blood leaving the glomerulus go next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the three components of the loop of Henle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of sodium and water occurs in a relatively unregulated manner in the proximal tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary function of the kidneys involves regulating the__________ and the__________of plasma and interstitial fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The primary function of the kidneys involves regulating the and theof plasma and interstitial fluid.

Correct Answer
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