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A ray of light passes from air into a block of glass with a refractive index of 1.59 as shown in the figure. Note: The drawing is not to scale. A ray of light passes from air into a block of glass with a refractive index of 1.59 as shown in the figure. Note: The drawing is not to scale.   What is the value of the distance D? A) 1.42 cm B) 1.66 cm C) 1.93 cm D) 2.19 cm E) 2.38 cm What is the value of the distance D?


A) 1.42 cm
B) 1.66 cm
C) 1.93 cm
D) 2.19 cm
E) 2.38 cm

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The figure is a scaled diagram of a an object and a converging lens.The focal length of the lens is 5.0 units.An object is placed 3.0 units from the lens as shown.   The figure is a scaled diagram of a an object and a converging lens.The focal length of the lens is 5.0 units.An object is placed 3.0 units from the lens as shown.   -The object has a height of 1.5 units.What is the approximate height of the image? A) 2.0 units B) 1.2 units C) 5.0 units D) 3.8 units E) 9.8 units -The object has a height of 1.5 units.What is the approximate height of the image?


A) 2.0 units
B) 1.2 units
C) 5.0 units
D) 3.8 units
E) 9.8 units

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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When certain light rays pass from a vacuum into a block of an unknown material, the measured index of refraction of the material is 3.00.What is the speed of light inside the block?


A) 9.9 × 106 m/s
B) 4.8 × 107 m/s
C) 1.0 × 108 m/s
D) 1.9 × 108 m/s
E) 2.9 × 108 m/s

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct? A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)


A) A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
B) A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
C) A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
D) A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
E) A converging lens with a focal length of 12 cm produces a 3-cm high virtual image of a 1-cm high object.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Light that is incident upon the eye is refracted several times before it reaches the retina.As light passes through the eye, at which boundary does the majority of the overall refraction occur?


A) lens/aqueous humor
B) air/cornea
C) lens/vitreous humor
D) aqueous humor/iris
E) vitreous humor/retina

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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A child sitting at the edge of a swimming pool sees a coin resting on the bottom of the pool.The coin appears to be 0.75 m directly below the water's surface.How deep is the pool at the location of the coin? The index of refraction of water is 1.33.


A) 0.75 m
B) 0.86 m
C) 1.0 m
D) 1.2 m
E) 1.6 m

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The moon is observed using a telescope that has an objective lens with a focal length of 3.0 m and an eyepiece with a focal length of 6.0 cm.What is the angular diameter of the moon if the earth-moon distance is 3.85 × 108 m and the diameter of the moon is 3.48 × 106 m?


A) 0.36 rad
B) 0.45 rad
C) 0.72 rad
D) 0.90 rad
E) 1.4 rad

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The figure shows the path of a portion of a ray of light as it passes through three different materials. Note: The figure is drawn to scale. The figure shows the path of a portion of a ray of light as it passes through three different materials. Note: The figure is drawn to scale.   What can be concluded concerning the refractive indices of these three materials? A) n<sub>1</sub> < n<sub>2</sub> < n<sub>3</sub> B) n<sub>1</sub> > n<sub>2</sub> > n<sub>3</sub> C) n<sub>3</sub> < n<sub>1</sub> < n<sub>2</sub> D) n<sub>2</sub> < n<sub>1</sub> < n<sub>3</sub> E) n<sub>1</sub> < n<sub>3</sub> < n<sub>2</sub> What can be concluded concerning the refractive indices of these three materials?


A) n1 < n2 < n3
B) n1 > n2 > n3
C) n3 < n1 < n2
D) n2 < n1 < n3
E) n1 < n3 < n2

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A fiber optic line is composed of a core with an index of refraction of 1.51 and cladding with an index of 1.40.Which one of the following relations best describes angles of incidence θ\theta that will result in total internal reflection within the fiber optic line?


A) ( θ\theta < 68°)
B) ( θ\theta > 68°)
C) ( θ\theta < 22°)
D) ( θ\theta > 22°)
E) (0 \leθ\theta \le 90°)

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Which one of the following statements concerning the index of refraction for a given material is true?


A) The index of refraction may be less than 1.
B) The index of refraction may be measured in nanometers.
C) The index of refraction does not depend on the frequency of the incident light.
D) For a given frequency, the index of refraction is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light in vacuum.
E) For a given frequency, the index of refraction is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light in the material.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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What is the frequency of light that has a wavelength in water of 788 nm if the refractive index for this light is 1.33?


A) 3.76 × 1014 Hz
B) 5.00 × 1014 Hz
C) 6.65 × 1014 Hz
D) 2.86 × 1014 Hz
E) 9.52 × 1014 Hz

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct? A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)


A) A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
B) A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
C) A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
D) A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
E) A 4-cm object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 20 cm.The image is formed 60 cm on the other side of the lens.Which entry in the table below is correct?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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A glass block with an index of refraction of 1.7 is immersed in an unknown liquid.A ray of light inside the block undergoes total internal reflection as shown in the figure.Which one of the following relations best indicates what may be concluded concerning the index of refraction of the liquid, nL?  A glass block with an index of refraction of 1.7 is immersed in an unknown liquid.A ray of light inside the block undergoes total internal reflection as shown in the figure.Which one of the following relations best indicates what may be concluded concerning the index of refraction of the liquid, n<sub>L</sub>?   A) n<sub>L</sub><sub> </sub>< 1.0 B) n<sub>L</sub>  \ge  1.1 C) n<sub>L</sub><sub> </sub> \ge  1.3 D) n<sub>L</sub>  \le  1.1 E) n<sub>L</sub><sub> </sub> \le  1.3


A) nL < 1.0
B) nL \ge 1.1
C) nL \ge 1.3
D) nL \le 1.1
E) nL \le 1.3

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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26-7 A 4.0-cm object is placed 30.0 cm from a converging lens that has a focal length of 10.0 cm as shown in the diagram. Note: The diagram is not drawn to scale. 26-7 A 4.0-cm object is placed 30.0 cm from a converging lens that has a focal length of 10.0 cm as shown in the diagram. Note: The diagram is not drawn to scale.   -Where is the image located? A) 15 cm to the left of the lens B) 7.5 cm to the left of the lens C) 7.5 cm to the right of the lens D) 15 cm to the right of the lens E) 30 cm to the right of the lens -Where is the image located?


A) 15 cm to the left of the lens
B) 7.5 cm to the left of the lens
C) 7.5 cm to the right of the lens
D) 15 cm to the right of the lens
E) 30 cm to the right of the lens

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible? A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)


A) A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
B) A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
C) A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
D) A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)
E) A ray of light originates in medium A and is incident upon medium B.For which one of the following pairs of indices of refraction for A and B is total internal reflection not possible?   A)    B)    C)    D)    E)

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Light propagates from soda lime glass (n = 1.518) into Pyrex glass (n = 1.473) .Determine the critical angle for this situation.


A) 13.99°
B) 45.86°
C) 52.48°
D) 65.22°
E) 76.01°

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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26-13 A fish swims 4.0 m below the surface of a still lake as shown in the figure.When an archer attempts to shoot the fish, the arrow enters the water at point P that is a horizontal distance 1.2 m from the fish. 26-13 A fish swims 4.0 m below the surface of a still lake as shown in the figure.When an archer attempts to shoot the fish, the arrow enters the water at point P that is a horizontal distance 1.2 m from the fish.   -If the archer is successful in shooting the fish, what angle does the arrow make with the horizontal as it enters the water? A) 12° B) 17° C) 23° D) 67° E) 73° -If the archer is successful in shooting the fish, what angle does the arrow make with the horizontal as it enters the water?


A) 12°
B) 17°
C) 23°
D) 67°
E) 73°

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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When an object is placed 25 cm from a lens, a real image is formed.Which one of the following conclusions is incorrect?


A) The image is upright.
B) The lens is a converging lens.
C) The image may be reduced or enlarged.
D) The image distance can be less than 25 cm.
E) The focal length of the lens is less than 25 cm.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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A beam of light that consists of a mixture of red, green and violet light strikes a prism (surrounded by air) as shown.Indices of refraction for this prism for the various colors are indicated in the table.An observer is located to the right of the prism as shown.   A beam of light that consists of a mixture of red, green and violet light strikes a prism (surrounded by air)  as shown.Indices of refraction for this prism for the various colors are indicated in the table.An observer is located to the right of the prism as shown.     -Which one of the following statements is true concerning the focal length of a lens? A) The focal length is the same for all colors. B) The focal length is different for different colors because of reflection. C) The focal length is different for different colors because of dispersion. D) The focal length is different for different colors because of polarization. E) The focal length is different for different colors because of spherical aberration.   A beam of light that consists of a mixture of red, green and violet light strikes a prism (surrounded by air)  as shown.Indices of refraction for this prism for the various colors are indicated in the table.An observer is located to the right of the prism as shown.     -Which one of the following statements is true concerning the focal length of a lens? A) The focal length is the same for all colors. B) The focal length is different for different colors because of reflection. C) The focal length is different for different colors because of dispersion. D) The focal length is different for different colors because of polarization. E) The focal length is different for different colors because of spherical aberration. -Which one of the following statements is true concerning the focal length of a lens?


A) The focal length is the same for all colors.
B) The focal length is different for different colors because of reflection.
C) The focal length is different for different colors because of dispersion.
D) The focal length is different for different colors because of polarization.
E) The focal length is different for different colors because of spherical aberration.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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A grizzly bear is sitting on a rock in the middle of a calm river when she observes a fish directly below.If the apparent depth of the fish is 0.40 m, what is the actual depth at which the fish is swimming? The index of refraction of water is 1.33.


A) 0.80 m
B) 0.71 m
C) 0.62 m
D) 0.53 m
E) 0.45 m

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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