Question 1

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  introduction of random sequence changes into the human genome
B)  introduction of large scale genetic changes in diverse genomes
C)  introduction of non-targeted genetic changes in diverse genomes
D)  small scale, targeted changes in diverse genomesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Why are satellite DNAs separated from the bulk of the genome during density gradient centrifugation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They include more phosphate and sugar groups per nitrogenous base.
B)  Their base composition is significantly different from that of the bulk of the genome.
C)  They have higher molecular weights.
D)  They have a higher negative charge than the bulk of the genome.
E)  They have a higher positive charge than the bulk of the genome.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder. What is the nature of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  The person's lips are malformed.
B)  The person is unable to perform the fine muscular movements of lips and tongue that are required for vocal communication.
C)  The person has malformed vocal cords.
D)  The person has a malformed tongue.
E)  The person with the disorder is deaf.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative bacterium found in soil that causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  highly acidic soil.
B)  transgenic plants.
C)  Crown gall disease.
D)  Dutch elm disease.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

What may be the primary mechanism in the evolution of proteins that are composed of domains derived from different ancestral genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene duplication
B)  transposable elements
C)  crossing over
D)  random assortment
E)  genetic hyperboleF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

What is one proposed explanation for the wide discrepancies in genome sizes from species to species?

Accepted Answer

A)  More advanced organisms have more DNA.
B)  Genomes have an extremely variable number of repeated DNA sequences that do not code for proteins.
C)  Some organisms have multiple repeats of each gene.
D)  More advanced organisms have more genes.
E)  More advanced organisms have more centromeric DNA.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

What do many people believe the function of transposable elements is?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is thought that they are mostly junk with no function.
B)  It is thought that they transpose base pairs.
C)  It is thought that they make enzymes more efficient.
D)  It is thought that they make enzymes less efficient.
E)  It is thought that they denature enzymes.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a mouse
B)  a nematode
C)  a puffer fish
D)  a chicken
E)  all of these are correctF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Experimentation at the J. Craig Venter Institute has led to all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  inserting a synthetic genome into Mycoplasma
B)  inserting a synthetic genome into Mycobacterium
C)  attempts to create minimal bacterial genome through rational gene selection
D)  attempts to create minimal bacterial genome through mutagenesisE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world, spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring. Under what circumstances would a transposable element NOT be able to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A)  if there are serious adverse effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce
B)  if there are substantial positive effects on the ability of the host to survive and reproduce
C)  if it speeds up the activity of amylase
D)  if is slows down the activity of triosephosphate isomerase
E)  if it increases the rate at which an organism can sense timeF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their transposition generates considerable differences in the timing of Alu sequence movement.
B)  Alu sequences amplify the effects of genes that they abut.
C)  Their transposition generates considerable differences in the location of Alu sequences.
D)  Alu sequences change the DNA sequences of the genes that they abut.
E)  Alu sequences reshuffle genes on every chromosome.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

The original model of DNA structure stated that each unit in DNA contained all four nitrogenous bases in a repeating pattern; it was called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Endosymbiotic Theory
B)  Induced Fit Model
C)  Lock and Key Model
D)  Tetranucleotide Theory
E)  Evolutionary TheoryF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Why are satellite DNAs called satellite DNAs?

Accepted Answer

A)  They orbit the Earth.
B)  They form bands in a density gradient within the main band formed by the bulk of the genome.
C)  They form bands in a density gradient separate from the main band formed by the bulk of the genome.
D)  They form bands on an agarose gel separate from the main band formed by the bulk of the genome.
E)  They form small bands on an agarose gel within the main band formed by the bulk of the genome.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

How might a transposase be responsible for our ability to ward off infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes that make the proteins in antibodies also make transposases.
B)  Enzymes involved in antibody gene rearrangement may be derived from a transposase encoded by an ancient DNA transposon.
C)  Antibodies are transposases.
D)  Most transposases are antibodies.
E)  Enzymes involved in transposase gene rearrangement may be derived from ancient antibodies.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The most common type of genetic variability in humans occurs at sites in the genome where single nucleotide differences are found among different members of the population. Which term is NOT a correct reference to these sequence regions?

Accepted Answer

A)  single nucleotide polymorphisms
B)  SNPs
C)  "snips"
D)  single nucleotide polymathismsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

In which of the following organisms is polyploidization common?

Accepted Answer

A)  apples
B)  wheat
C)  bananas
D)  coffee
E)  all of these are examples of polyploidizationF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Venter's first synthetic genome was comprised of _____________ 1kB segments joined together.

Accepted Answer

A)  11
B)  100
C)  1,000
D)  15,000E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

In which of the following organisms is polyploidization common?

Correct Answer
verified

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is characterized by:

Correct Answer
verified

Experimentation at the J. Craig Venter Institute has led to all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct Answer
verified

How might a transposase be responsible for our ability to ward off infectious disease?

Correct Answer
verified

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder. What is the nature of the disorder?

Correct Answer
verified

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Correct Answer
verified

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

Correct Answer
verified

Venter's first synthetic genome was comprised of _____________ 1kB segments joined together.

Correct Answer
verified

Why are satellite DNAs called satellite DNAs?

Correct Answer
verified

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world, spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring. Under what circumstances would a transposable element NOT be able to accomplish this?

Correct Answer
verified

What do many people believe the function of transposable elements is?

Correct Answer
verified

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative bacterium found in soil that causes:

Correct Answer
verified

What is one proposed explanation for the wide discrepancies in genome sizes from species to species?

Correct Answer
verified

The most common type of genetic variability in humans occurs at sites in the genome where single nucleotide differences are found among different members of the population. Which term is NOT a correct reference to these sequence regions?

Correct Answer
verified

What may be the primary mechanism in the evolution of proteins that are composed of domains derived from different ancestral genes?

Correct Answer
verified

Why are satellite DNAs separated from the bulk of the genome during density gradient centrifugation?

Correct Answer
verified

The original model of DNA structure stated that each unit in DNA contained all four nitrogenous bases in a repeating pattern; it was called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

In which of the following organisms is polyploidization common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is characterized by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experimentation at the J. Craig Venter Institute has led to all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How might a transposase be responsible for our ability to ward off infectious disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Persons with mutations in the FOXP2 gene suffer from a severe speech and language disorder. What is the nature of the disorder?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans have roughly the same number of protein-coding genes as _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do Alu sequences contribute to the genetic diversity in the human population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Venter's first synthetic genome was comprised of _____________ 1kB segments joined together.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are satellite DNAs called satellite DNAs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A transposable element is a type of genetic parasite that can invade a host genome from the outside world, spread within the genome and be transmitted to offspring. Under what circumstances would a transposable element NOT be able to accomplish this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do many people believe the function of transposable elements is?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram-negative bacterium found in soil that causes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is one proposed explanation for the wide discrepancies in genome sizes from species to species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common type of genetic variability in humans occurs at sites in the genome where single nucleotide differences are found among different members of the population. Which term is NOT a correct reference to these sequence regions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What may be the primary mechanism in the evolution of proteins that are composed of domains derived from different ancestral genes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are satellite DNAs separated from the bulk of the genome during density gradient centrifugation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The original model of DNA structure stated that each unit in DNA contained all four nitrogenous bases in a repeating pattern; it was called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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