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Exam 8: Memory

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. Because I am actively and consciously remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________ memory.

A) explicit
B) implicit
C) procedural
D) episodic

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Question 2

Multiple Choice

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Recent research conducted by Cowan (2010) has found that the capacity of working memory is how many units of information?

A) 3 plus or minus 2
B) 4 plus or minus 1
C) 7 plus or minus 2
D) 9 plus or minus 3

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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B

Question 3

Multiple Choice

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What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?

Ebbinghaus found that about one day after you learn new material, you will only remember ____ percent of it if you have not reviewed it a second time.

Katya studies Spanish for three years, and then switches to Pashto. When asked to remember Spanish vocabulary she can't; instead she can only remember Pashto vocabulary. This is an example of ________ interference.

Which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?

Explain the difference between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia.

Why is relying on eyewitness testimony problematic?

Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories?

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using?

What is episodic memory?

What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?

Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________, or the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories.

Kenethia enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system.

Sharmila cannot remember what she had for breakfast last week, but she can remember the day she got married ten years ago as clearly as if it just happened. This example illustrates the ________ theory.

Elaine wakes up in the hospital with a head injury. She gets to know her doctors and nurses over time, but it soon becomes clear that she has no memories from before she woke up in the hospital. Elaine has ________ amnesia.

Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding.

When Benito was five he cut his leg on some glass and needed stiches. Years later, his mother tells him the scar came from being bit by a dog. Now, when people ask about his scar he distinctly remembers the dog biting him. This is an example of the ________.

A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. This may be an example of ________ bias.

Explain semantic encoding and illustrate it with a real life example.