Question 1

Chronic low doses of radiation have ________ effect on fertility.

Accepted Answer

A)   no
B)   an increasing
C)   a strong
D)   a weakE) A) and C)
F) B) and C) A

Question 2

People who were employed painting radium watch dials later showed excess risk for ______________ cancer.

Accepted Answer

A)   bone
B)   stomach
C)   thyroid
D)   mouthE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

The threshold dose for cataract formation is known to be _____ mSv of acute exposure to the eyes.

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   4
C)   10
D)   20E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

People who had radiation treatments to their thymus gland as children later showed excess risk for ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bone cancers
B)   skin cancers
C)   leukemia
D)   thyroid cancersE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

____________ is a stochastic effect of radiation exposure.

Accepted Answer

A)   Erythema
B)   Epilation
C)   Cancer
D)   NauseaE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Data showing radiation-induced human genetic abnormalities __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   does not exist
B)   indicates responses to low doses
C)   indicates responses to high doses
D)   is being studied by the BEIRE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

The theory of radiation hormesis suggests that radiation doses below 0.1 mGy are _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   carcinogenic
B)   beneficial
C)   lethal
D)   harmfulE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Our information on the genetic effects of radiation has come from studies of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   mice
B)   fruit flies
C)   humans
D)   Both A and BE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Radiation protection guidelines are based on _______________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   stochastic effects of radiation
B)   deterministic effects of radiation
C)   lethal effects of radiation
D)   Both A and BE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Low doses of radiation have been shown to cause ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromosome damage
B)   loss of fertility
C)   cataracts
D)   radiodermatitisE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with radiation showed an increased incidence of _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   leukemia
B)   cancer
C)   early death
D)   infertilityE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The most radiosensitive period during pregnancy for radiation induced congenital abnormalities is during the _____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   first 2 weeks
B)   first trimester
C)   second trimester
D)   third trimesterE) None of the above
F) A) and D) B

Question 13

Radiation-induced leukemia has a latent period of _______ years.

Accepted Answer

A)   1-2
B)   4-7
C)   5-10
D)   15-20E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

A study of an irradiated population which showed a relative risk factor below 1.0 would indicate that the population had a ___________ risk.

Accepted Answer

A)   slight
B)   no
C)   reduced
D)   very highE) None of the above
F) B) and D) C

Question 15

Radiation induced skin cancer in radiotherapy patients has occurred with _____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a threshold dose-response
B)   a nonthreshold dose-response
C)   100% of the patients treated
D)   50% of the patients treatedE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

A __________ effect increases in incidence but not severity as the dose increases.

Accepted Answer

A)   non-stochastic
B)   stochastic
C)   deterministic
D)   localizedE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

An epidemiological study of the stochastic effects of very low doses of radiation requires a population of ____________ of people.

Accepted Answer

A)   millions
B)   thousands
C)   hundreds
D)   dozensE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Relative risk is _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   expected cases/observed cases
B)   observed cases/expected cases
C)   observed cases - expected cases
D)   expected cases - observed casesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

It is difficult to link cancer to radiation exposure because it occurs ___________ in the population.

Accepted Answer

A)   with severity
B)   very rarely
C)   in high proportion
D)   only in the elderlyE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Studies of A-bomb survivors indicate that leukemia has a ______________________ dose-response relationship to radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonlinear, threshold
B)   linear, threshold
C)   linear, nonthreshold
D)   nonlinear, nonthresholdE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 34: Stochastic Effects of Radiation

Chronic low doses of radiation have ________ effect on fertility.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

People who were employed painting radium watch dials later showed excess risk for ______________ cancer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The threshold dose for cataract formation is known to be _____ mSv of acute exposure to the eyes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who had radiation treatments to their thymus gland as children later showed excess risk for ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________ is a stochastic effect of radiation exposure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Data showing radiation-induced human genetic abnormalities __________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory of radiation hormesis suggests that radiation doses below 0.1 mGy are _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our information on the genetic effects of radiation has come from studies of ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radiation protection guidelines are based on _______________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Low doses of radiation have been shown to cause ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with radiation showed an increased incidence of _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most radiosensitive period during pregnancy for radiation induced congenital abnormalities is during the _____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Radiation-induced leukemia has a latent period of _______ years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A study of an irradiated population which showed a relative risk factor below 1.0 would indicate that the population had a ___________ risk.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Radiation induced skin cancer in radiotherapy patients has occurred with _____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A __________ effect increases in incidence but not severity as the dose increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An epidemiological study of the stochastic effects of very low doses of radiation requires a population of ____________ of people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relative risk is _________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is difficult to link cancer to radiation exposure because it occurs ___________ in the population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of A-bomb survivors indicate that leukemia has a ______________________ dose-response relationship to radiation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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