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For each of the following statements, choose the most appropriate process. Some choices may be used more than once; some may not be used at all.

Premises
consumes O2
Responses
light-dependent reactions only
Calvin cycle only
neither the light-dependent reactions nor the Calvin cycle
both light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle

Correct Answer

light-dependent reactions only
Calvin cycle only
neither the light-dependent reactions nor the Calvin cycle
both light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle

In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, an excited electron from photosystem II is passed along an electron transport chain to ____. ​


A) NAD+
B) NADH ​
C) photosystem I ​
D) oxygen ​
E) water ​

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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2D chromatography is so named because ____.


A) there are two steps: labeling with a radioactive marker and separation via chromatography
B) the molecules are separated into a linear arrangement, meaning two dimensions ​
C) the process separates the molecules in two directions, first along the x axis and then along the y axis ​
D) two different solutions are used in the paper chromatography process ​
E) two different types of radioactive markers must be used ​

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Suppose you explored a new planet and found a photosynthetic organism unlike any on Earth. You repeat Engelmann's classic experiment using this new organism in place of Spirogyra and find that oxygen-dependent bacteria cluster near the green and yellow portions of the spectrum. What does this tell you? ​


A) The sun of this new planet emits different wavelengths of light than our own.
B) This new organism is using yellow and green light to drive photosynthesis. ​
C) This organism appears green, just like plants on Earth. ​
D) This organism utilizes the most energy-rich photons of the spectrum. ​
E) This new organism is using blue and red light to drive photosynthesis.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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If photosynthetic eukaryotic cells are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O) , the 18O label may be found in all but one compound. That compound is ____. ​


A) 3-phosphoglycerate
B) cellulose ​
C) glucose ​
D) O2 gas ​
E) RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once. Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once.     Figure 8.1 Figure 8.1

Premises
membrane most important in generating a proton gradient for ATP synthesis
Responses
A
C
D
B
E

Correct Answer

A
C
D
B
E

Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once. Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once.     Figure 8.1 Figure 8.1

Premises
site of light-independent reactions
Responses
C
D
A
B
E

Correct Answer

C
D
A
B
E

Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once. Answer the following questions using the accompanying figure. Identify each structure in the figure below. Some choices may be used more than once.     Figure 8.1 Figure 8.1

Premises
stroma
Responses
B
E
A
C
D

Correct Answer

B
E
A
C
D

Rubisco's enzymatic activity is stimulated by NADP+ and ADP. ​

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Photosynthesis is ____, while all other processes of life are ____. ​


A) exergonic; exothermic
B) endergonic; endothermic ​
C) endergonic; exergonic ​
D) exergonic; endergonic ​
E) exergonic; endothermic ​

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Rubisco has 16 subunits joined together to make a functional unit. Eight of the subunits are large, the other 8 are small. What is the function of the small subunits? ​


A) The small subunits contain the reactant binding sites.
B) They stabilize the overall enzyme's structure but have no intrinsic function. ​
C) The function of the small subunits is still unknown. ​
D) They regulate the enzyme's rate of catalysis. ​
E) The small subunits contain allosteric regulator binding sites. ​

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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D

Atmospheric O2 is a waste product of photosynthesis. ​

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Carbon fixation is a reduction reaction that converts inorganic CO2 into an organic molecule. ​

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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True

What is the purpose of cyclic electron flow? ​


A) to prevent the formation of NADPH and excessive reactive oxygen species
B) to prevent the loss of light energy when the ATP production pathway is saturated ​
C) to ensure that all of the energy harvested by the sun is converted into ATP ​
D) to protect the cell when CO2 is unavailable and the Calvin cycle is not operating ​
E) to increase the net production of ATP in times when CO2 is unavailable ​

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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A

Which statement describes the role of photosynthesis in an ecosystem?


A) Primary producers convert chemical energy to light energy.
B) Primary consumers rely directly on light energy. ​
C) Primary producers convert light energy to chemical energy as a service to the ecosystem, not for their own gain. ​
D) Primary consumers rely on primary producers to make light energy available in a usable form. ​
E) Primary producers are heterotrophs and thus make no contribution to the flow of energy into the ecosystem. ​

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which statement correctly summarizes the two phases of photosynthesis?


A) The light-dependent reactions occur in the cytosol; the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma.
B) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and sugar. ​
C) The light-dependent reactions occur only during the daylight hours; the light-independent reactions occur only when it is dark. ​
D) The light-dependent reactions produce water as a by-product; the light-independent reactions produce carbon dioxide as a waste product.
E) The products of the light-dependent reactions are ADP, NADP+, and O2; the products of the light-independent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and sugar.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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The action spectrum of higher plants is bimodal, with two major peaks. Which two molecules largely determine the two peaks?


A) photosystems I and II
B) P680 and P700 ​
C) chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b ​
D) chlorophyll and carotenoid ​
E) ATP and NADH ​

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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P700 is located in photosystem ____ and is comprised of chlorophyll ____.


A) I; b
B) I; a ​
C) II; b ​
D) II; a ​
E) I and II; a ​

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Why isn't the oxygenase function of rubisco active under normal environmental conditions?


A) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme requires more energy
B) the affinity of the enzyme favors the binding of CO2
C) the oxygenase activity of the enzyme is inhibited by O2
D) the binding site of the enzyme is allosterically inhibited under normal conditions ​
E) the oxygenase binding site has a higher affinity for ATP ​

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which plant structure is responsible for gas exchange? ​


A) stroma
B) stomata ​
C) thylakoid ​
D) grana ​
E) stromal lamellae ​

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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