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California's San Andreas fault is which type of plate boundary?


A) divergent plate boundary
B) transform plate boundary
C) ocean - continent convergent plate boundary
D) continent - continent convergent plate boundary

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Some plateaus, ocean ridges, ancient island arcs, and parts of continental crust are too buoyant to be subducted. These are, instead, squeezed and sheared onto the face of a continent, forming .


A) Wadati-Benioff zones
B) terranes
C) rift valleys
D) sea mounts

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Mid-ocean ridges are almost free of sediment.

A) True
B) False

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Why was Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift dismissed?


A) Someone else had already introduced his idea to the scientific community.
B) Many of his evidences did not support drifting continents.
C) Continents have not moved since Earth was created.
D) The evidence at the time seemed to suggest a solid mantle that did not allow drifting of continents to be possible.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What would cause continental crust to become thinner in mountainous regions?


A) erosion, isostatic uplift, and further erosion
B) volcanic eruptions
C) subduction of continental crust beneath oceanic crust
D) extension and contraction of asthenosphere

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Which statement best describes ocean sediments near mid-ocean ridges?


A) The layers of sediment reach 150 to 200 feet in thickness near mid-ocean ridges.
B) Ocean sediments are greater than 200 million years in age at mid-ocean ridges.
C) Ocean sediments are nearly absent near mid-ocean ridges.
D) The layers alternate between fine-grained sediments and lava beds near mid-ocean ridges.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A boundary in which crustal plates slide laterally past one another is called a .


A) transform fault
B) convergent zone
C) divergent zone
D) rift valley

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The magnetic striping of the seafloor is considered evidence of seafloor spreading and .


A) periodic interruptions in mantle convection
B) subduction occurring in rift valleys
C) changes in Earth's axis of rotation
D) periodic reversals in the polarity of Earth's magnetic field

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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What are the primary elements in Earth's continental crust?


A) oxygen, uranium, and  thorium
B) oxygen, silicon, and  uranium
C) oxygen, silicon, and  aluminum
D) iron, aluminum, and  carbon

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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There are three types of plate convergences: continent-continent, ocean-continent, and ocean-ocean convergent plate boundaries.

A) True
B) False

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Alfred Wegener used the differences in mountain age, composition, and structure on both sides of the Atlantic to support his theory of continental drift.

A) True
B) False

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The  type of plate boundary can be determined by evaluating the depths of earthquakes. What seismic trend would occur at ocean-continent convergent boundaries?


A) The depth of earthquakes would increase as you move from oceanic crust toward continental crust.
B) The depth of earthquakes could decrease as you move from oceanic crust toward continental crust.
C) Earthquake depths would remain constant as you move from oceanic crust to continental crust.
D) Only shallow earthquakes would occur along ocean - continent convergent boundaries.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The mid-ocean ridges are .


A) subduction zones
B) ocean - ocean convergent boundar ies
C) divergent plate boundaries
D) ocean - continent convergent plate boundaries

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The oceanic crust is primarily made of basalt.

A) True
B) False

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Scientists believe the breakup of Pangaea occurred about .


A) 1 million years ago
B) 25 million years ago
C) 200 million years ago
D) 750 million years ago

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Buoyancy is the ability of an object to float in a fluid by .


A) weighing less than the water surrounding it
B) displacing a volume of water equal in weight to its own weight
C) having a lot of air within its body
D) displacing a volume of water which weighs slightly less than its own weight

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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New crust is being generated .


A) in the deep ocean trenches
B) at convergent plate boundaries
C) at divergent plate boundaries
D) at the centers of tectonic plates

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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What kind of observational evidence did Alfred Wegener use to propose his theory of continental drift and the idea that the continents were once connected as the single landmass, Pangaea?

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In a lecture in 1912, Alfred Wegener, a ...

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Our Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old. The oldest continental crust was recently found in Australia and contained pieces of zircon that dates back to about 4.4 billion years. The oldest oceanic crust dates back to only 180 to 200 million years old. What would account for the large discrepancy in age between the oldest continental crust and the oldest oceanic crust?

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Young Earth formed by the accretion of c...

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The continental crust of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska are much different from the rest of the United States. What process would account for these varied differences?

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Plateaus, isolated segments of seafloor,...

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