FiltersDone

Question type

Essay

Multiple Choice

Short Answer

True False

Matching

Exam 11: Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Show Answer

Share

---

All types

Filters

Study FlashcardsPractice ExamLearn

Question 41

Multiple Choice

Review LaterAdd Note

Review Later

Each of these statements is True EXCEPT one.Identify the exception.

A) Monoamine oxidase is the main enzyme responsible for the degradation of catecholamines.
B) β₁ receptors respond equally well to both epinephrine and norepinephrine.
C) β₂ receptors are not innervated by sympathetic neurons, so are more sensitive to epinephrine, delivered via the blood.
D) Activation of α receptors opens Na⁺ channels in the membrane.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

verified

Show Answer

Question 42

Essay

Review LaterAdd Note

Review Later

Describe the different types of adrenergic receptors in the autonomic nervous system.Which neurotransmitter binds to each type? For those that bind more than one neurotransmitter, how does the response to the neurotransmitters compare?

Correct Answer

verified

Alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, and be...

View Answer

Show Answer

Question 43

Multiple Choice

Review LaterAdd Note

Match the answers to the questions. -The neural pathway from the spinal cord to the target tissue has two neurons, the preganglionic neuron and the postganglionic neuron.

What steps are necessary to terminate neurotransmitter action? What would happen if these steps failed?

Increased parasympathetic stimulation

Match the response with the type of chemical. -salivation

Epinephrine and norepinephrine that are released from the adrenal glands affect target tissue for a longer period of time than the same substances released from neurons at their peripheral receptors.Why?

Match the response with the type of chemical. -pupil dilation

If humans administered a physiological dose of ufo-epi responded to the chemical, which of the following would indicate ufo-epi is an epinephrine agonist?

The adrenal medulla is important to the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system because

Match the following with its description. -released by all autonomic preganglionic neurons

The signal molecule ________ elicits the stronger response from alpha receptors.

The presence of two peripheral efferent neurons in a pathway is typical of the ________ division.

Both alpha-bungarotoxin and curare bind to the same neurotransmitter receptor, but only curare binds reversibly.Which receptor is involved? List some locations for this receptor.Would either toxin be appropriate to use as a paralytic during surgery? Explain your answer.Are all such receptors necessarily affected by a given toxin in the same way? Explain the significance of your answer.

Describe the different types of cholinergic receptors in the nervous system.Which neurotransmitter binds to each type?

You and your fellow deep-sea scientists have discovered a new form of marine invertebrate, and are anxious to determine the similarities and differences to animals already characterized.Chemical analysis reveals the following concentrations of permeable cations: $\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } \hline \text { [on } & \text { in] } \mathrm { mM } & \text { out] } \mathrm { mM } \\\hline \mathrm { Na } ^ { + } & 50 & 450 \\\hline \mathrm { K } ^ { + } & 420 & 20 \\\hline \mathrm { Mg } ^ { + + } & 10 & 60 \\\hline \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - } & 50 & 550 \\\hline\end{array}$ Nernst equation: E_ion = 61/z × log [ion]_out/[ion]_in -Control of the neuromuscular junction in this new invertebrate is found to involve dual innervation, where one motor neuron secretes an excitatory neurotransmitter and another secretes an inhibitory neurotransmitter onto the muscle.How does this compare to the human neuromuscular junction? Propose three different types of inhibitory receptors/channels that would produce inhibition of the invertebrate muscle, specifying ion and direction of ion flow.For each ion, calculate the equilibrium potential.What similarity do you notice in the equilibrium potentials of the ions involved, and how is that significant? How may inhibition be accomplished in human muscle?

Sweat glands contain

Antagonistic control of efferent output is typical of the ________ division.