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Exam 10: Behavior in Groups

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Question 31

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According to Robert Zajonc, the presence of others increases a person's

A) distraction
B) motivation
C) apprehension
D) reactance

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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Social facilitation occurs

A) when we are alone
B) primarily among competitive people
C) when others are performing the same task (or watching us perform)
D) while we are practicing a complex task

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 33

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When an individual's contribution to a collective activity cannot be evaluated, individuals often work less hard than they would have alone.

The contingency model of leadership predicts that the kind of leaders who succeed in moderately controlled situations are

Contemporary research has shown that when the initial opinions of group members are conservative, group discussion tends to result in a shift toward more extreme conservatism.

Martina believes that the group project she is working on is very important, and she observes that her group members are performing inadequately. What is Martina most likely to do?

Task leadership focuses on the interpersonal aspects of group interaction.

On complex tasks the pressure of being evaluated can spur one to greater effort.

A(n) ________ reward structure exists when the outcomes of individuals are independent of each other.

Describe Zajonc's theories of why the presence of others sometimes improves performance and at other times diminishes the quality of performance.

A(n) ________ task is one in which all group members must succeed for the group to succeed.

People often seek out and prefer information that __________ their initial belief.

According to Irving Janis, _____ can lead a seemingly reasonable and intelligent group of people to make a decision that leads to disaster.

Fiedler describes leaders who are motivated primarily to accomplish the group's function as

It has been found that, overall, in the "Prisoner's Dilemma"game, more communication leads to more cooperation.

Which of the following constitutes a group as defined by the text?

Gustave Le Bon is known for formulating the concept of social contagion.

A(n) ________ is a situation in which the most rewarding short-term choice for an individual will ultimately lead to negative outcomes for all concerned.

The presence of others sometimes enhances and sometimes impairs an individual's performance.

Your roommate spends hours in front of a mirror before going out on a blind date. You say to yourself, "He is clearly suffering from