Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systems tend to proceed from ordered states to disordered states.
B)  The entropy of the system plus surroundings is unchanged by reversible processes.
C)  The entropy of the system plus surroundings increases for irreversible processes.
D)  All naturally occurring processes proceed toward equilibrium.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a feature of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  It describes the flow and interchange of heat,energy,and matter.
B)  It allows the determination of whether a reaction is spontaneous.
C)  It provides information on the rate of a reaction.
D)  It considers heat flow and entropy production.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT describe a modified standard state for a thermodynamic parameter?

Accepted Answer

A)  designated with a prime ( ' ) symbol
B)  H⁺ ion of 1 M
C)  1 M for solutions
D)  when the solvent is water at pH = 7E) B) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of an open system?

Accepted Answer

A)  a chemical reaction taking place in a closed beaker
B)  a steam radiator
C)  an insulated bomb reactor
D)  a pot of boiling waterE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on the ∆G°' of hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  concentration
B)  metal ions
C)  temperature
D)  pHE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Which example has the greatest increase in entropy,∆S?

Accepted Answer

A)  freezing water
B)  sublimation of CO₂
C)  melting ice
D)  boiling gasolineE) B) and C)
F) C) and D) B

Question 7

"High-energy" compounds exhibit large negative free energy of hydrolysis.Which of the following are NOT "high-energy" compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate esters
B)  enol phosphates and phosphate anhydrides
C)  acyl phosphates
D)  guanidino phosphatesE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

From which of the following molecules is the hydrolysis of a phosphate most thermodynamically favourable?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenosine-5'-triphosphate
B)  glucose phosphate
C)  adenosine-5'-diphosphate
D)  phosphoenolpyruvateE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which statement best explains the large ∆G° for the hydrolysis of phosphoenolpyruvate?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis of the phosphoanhydride bond along with the conversion of the enol to the keto form of pyruvate
B)  the hydrolysis of the phosphoanhydride bond
C)  conversion from the enol to the keto form of pyruvate
D)  strong bond energy along with a change in the stereochemistry of the moleculeE) A) and D)
F) A) and C) A

Question 10

Thermodynamic parameters (entropy,enthalpy,free energy,and internal energy) are given for an unknown enzyme.What result is expected for the breaking of hydrogen bonds and the exposure of hydrophobic groups from the interior during the unfolding process of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entropy change,∆S,is zero.
B)  Enthalpy change,∆H,is positive.
C)  Entropy change,∆S,is positive.
D)  Enthalpy change,∆H,is negative.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a feature of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is used for short-term energy in the cell.
B)  It has 2 phosphoanhydride bonds.
C)  It is usually complexed with Ca²⁺.
D)  It is a kinetically stable molecule.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Which thermodynamic property defines the group transfer potential that occurs upon hydrolysis (i.e.,transfer of the particular group to water) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  ∆G
B)  ∆H
C)  ∆S
D)  ∆EE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

How can pairs of spontaneously coupled reactions be predicted?

Accepted Answer

A)  by subtracting the smaller from the larger ∆G
B)  by summing the ∆G°s for each reaction
C)  by adding the ∆S values for each reaction at constant temperature
D)  by determining if the absolute value of the positive ∆G°' must be larger than the value of the negative ∆G°'E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

What defines enthalpy change,∆H?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the sum of heat absorbed and work.
B)  It is a measure of disorder in a system.
C)  It is equal to the heat transferred at constant pressure and volume.
D)  It is determined by pressure change at a constant temperature.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is correct for a spontaneous endothermic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat must be given off by the reaction.
B)  Energy must be added to the reaction.
C)  The temperature must be very low.
D)  The entropy must increase substantially.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

An interaction between 2 subunits of a protein was determined to have a ?G°'= -57.05 kJ/mol.What is the K?q for the reaction at 25°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  10-10
B)  1.02
C)  1.32
D)  1010E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

What defines entropy change,∆S?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sum of heat absorbed and work
B)  equal to the heat transferred at constant pressure and volume
C)  a measure of disorder in a system
D)  pressure change at a constant temperatureE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Which equation defines a system at equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  ∆G > 0
B)  ∆G° = ∆G
C)  ∆G = 0
D)  ∆G° = 0
E)  ∆G = RT ln ([products]/[reactants]) F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following can ADP accept from higher energy molecules,while ATP can donate to lower energy molecules of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphates
B)  reactants
C)  products
D)  energyE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Which of the following best describes living systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are closed systems exchanging only energy with the surroundings.
B)  They are isolated systems that are totally contained.
C)  They are open systems exchanging only energy with the surroundings.
D)  They are open systems exchanging both energy and matter with their surroundings.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 3: Thermodynamics of Biological Systems

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the second law of thermodynamics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a feature of thermodynamics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does NOT describe a modified standard state for a thermodynamic parameter?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is an example of an open system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on the ∆G°' of hydrolysis of ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which example has the greatest increase in entropy,∆S?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

"High-energy" compounds exhibit large negative free energy of hydrolysis.Which of the following are NOT "high-energy" compounds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From which of the following molecules is the hydrolysis of a phosphate most thermodynamically favourable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement best explains the large ∆G° for the hydrolysis of phosphoenolpyruvate?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Thermodynamic parameters (entropy,enthalpy,free energy,and internal energy) are given for an unknown enzyme.What result is expected for the breaking of hydrogen bonds and the exposure of hydrophobic groups from the interior during the unfolding process of a protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a feature of ATP?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which thermodynamic property defines the group transfer potential that occurs upon hydrolysis (i.e.,transfer of the particular group to water) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can pairs of spontaneously coupled reactions be predicted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What defines enthalpy change,∆H?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correct for a spontaneous endothermic reaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An interaction between 2 subunits of a protein was determined to have a ?G°'= -57.05 kJ/mol.What is the K?q for the reaction at 25°C?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What defines entropy change,∆S?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which equation defines a system at equilibrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can ADP accept from higher energy molecules,while ATP can donate to lower energy molecules of metabolism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes living systems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified