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View Answer
Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) Birds with larger beaks had higher fitness, so they could produce more offspring that inherited the same trait.
B) Birds with smaller beaks flew to nearby islands where food was more plentiful.
C) Birds with smaller beaks had higher fitness, but they were outcompeted by birds with larger beaks.
D) Birds with smaller beaks had higher fitness, but they waited to reproduce until wet weather returned.
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Multiple Choice
A) founder effect.
B) selective mutation.
C) disruptive selection.
D) nonrandom mating.
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Essay
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Multiple Choice
A) mutation
B) sexual selection
C) immigration
D) founder effect and genetic drift
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Multiple Choice
A) the sum of all the alleles for all the traits in the population.
B) all the alleles for a given trait in a particular individual organism of the population.
C) the sum of all the phenotypes in the population.
D) all the alleles for a particular gene in all the individuals in the population.
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) Microevolution is hypothetical because changes are too small to be observed, whereas macroevolution is detectable.
B) Microevolution deals with microscopic organisms, whereas macroevolution deals with larger ones.
C) Microevolution describes what happens in small populations, whereas macroevolution deals with large populations.
D) Microevolution describes changes within a population over a short period of time, whereas macroevolution describes larger changes such as the formation of new species over longer periods of time.
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Multiple Choice
A) genus.
B) clone.
C) species.
D) family.
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Multiple Choice
A) nonrandom mating
B) natural selection
C) gene flow
D) genetic drift
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Multiple Choice
A) gene flow: genes move from one population to another
B) bottleneck effect: changes in allele frequencies due to chance events
C) founder effect: only a small portion of an original population's gene pool are represented
D) sexual selection: mating based on phenotype
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Matching
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True/False
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Multiple Choice
A) directional selection.
B) disruptive selection.
C) founder effect.
D) stabilizing selection.
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Multiple Choice
A) one that produced 1,000 offspring, of which 100 survived but 99 did not reproduce
B) one that produced 100 offspring, of which 10 survived but 9 did not reproduce
C) one that produced 1,000 offspring, all of which died before reaching reproductive age
D) one that produced two offspring, both of which survived and produced offspring of their own
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Multiple Choice
A) stabilizing selection
B) directional selection
C) genetic drift
D) disruptive selection
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Short Answer
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Multiple Choice
A) invertebrate species.
B) migratory species.
C) aquatic populations.
D) small populations.
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True/False
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