Question 1

Which of the following components of the nephron is largely confined to the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule
B)   distal convoluted tubule
C)   collecting ducts
D)   proximal convoluted tubule
E)   glomerulusF) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

________ is the most abundant organic waste.

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucose
B)   Albumin
C)   Carbon dioxide
D)   Sodium
E)   UreaF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Figure 26-2 The Nephron
 
Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions:
-Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   3
C)   4
D)   5
E)   6F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Under normal conditions, glomerular filtration depends on three main pressures. From the list below, what are these three main pressures? 1. glomerular hydrostatic pressure
2)  capsular hydrostatic pressure
3)  capsular colloid osmotic pressure
4)  blood colloid osmotic pressure
5)  urinary bladder hydrostatic pressure

Accepted Answer

A)   1, 2, and 3 are correct.
B)   2, 3, and 4 are correct.
C)   3, 4, and 5 are correct.
D)   1, 2, and 4 are correct.
E)   2, 4, and 5 are correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)  in the glomerulus is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)   blood pressure.
B)   presence of albumin proteins in blood plasma.
C)   constriction of the efferent arteriole.
D)   protein in the filtrate.
E)   filtrate in the capsular space.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

Sarah has been suffering from a stomach virus. As a result, she is dehydrated and her plasma ADH and aldosterone levels are elevated. Explain how each of these hormones independently affects the nephron including the specific location(s) of the nephron affected. Finally, state how the combined effects of these two hormones will alter urine concentration and volume.

Accepted Answer

ADH will increase the number of aquapori...

Question 7

Your doctor has diagnosed you with prostatitis, an inflammation and swelling involving the prostate gland.One of your primary symptoms is

Accepted Answer

A)   dribbling urination.
B)   renal failure.
C)   hematuria.
D)   glycosuria.
E)   large amounts of dilute urine.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The concentration at which all of the carriers in renal tubules for a given substance are saturated is the

Accepted Answer

A)   tubular maximum.
B)   hydrostatic threshold.
C)   blood colloid maximum.
D)   osmotic pressure.
E)   renal threshold.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Accepted Answer

A)   urethra.
B)   urinary bladder.
C)   kidney.
D)   ureter.
E)   trigone.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Each kidney has about ________ nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A)   100,000
B)   500,000
C)   1 million
D)   1.25 million
E)   5 millionF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

The process that transports solutes, including many drugs, into the tubular fluid is called

Accepted Answer

A)   filtration.
B)   reabsorption.
C)   absorption.
D)   excretion.
E)   secretion.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ________ epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A)   stratified squamous
B)   pseudostratified columnar
C)   simple cuboidal
D)   transitional
E)   simple columnarF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to

Accepted Answer

A)   excessive ADH secretion.
B)   absence of ADH.
C)   hematuric oliguria.
D)   overproduction of aldosterone.
E)   dilation of the afferent arterioles.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

The mechanism for producing a concentrated urine involves all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  by the posterior pituitary gland.
B)   aquaporins being inserted into the membranes of the collecting duct cells.
C)   a high concentration of NaCl in the interstitial fluid that surrounds the collecting ducts.
D)   an increase in facultative water reabsorption.
E)   obligatory water reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

Accepted Answer

A)   a larger volume of urine.
B)   urine with a higher concentration of sodium ions.
C)   urine with a lower concentration of potassium ions.
D)   urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions.
E)   urine with less glucose.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The majority of water is reabsorbed by osmosis in the

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule.
B)   nephron loop.
C)   distal convoluted tubule.
D)   collecting duct.
E)   papillary duct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)   vasa recta
B)   medulla
C)   cortex
D)   pelvis
E)   calycesF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Accepted Answer

A)   cortex
B)   medulla
C)   pyramids
D)   capsule
E)   pelvisF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The condition called ________ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can becometwisted or kinked during movement.

Accepted Answer

A)   polycystic kidney disease
B)   floating kidney
C)   pyelonephritis
D)   renal calculi
E)   renal failureF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

The area of the urinary bladder bounded by the openings of the two ureters and the urethra is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   renal pelvis.
B)   JG apparatus.
C)   pyramid.
D)   trigone.
E)   vasa recta.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Exam 26: The Urinary System

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

Correct Answer
verified

The majority of water is reabsorbed by osmosis in the

Correct Answer
verified

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Correct Answer
verified

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) in the glomerulus is generated by

Correct Answer
verified

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Correct Answer
verified

Your doctor has diagnosed you with prostatitis, an inflammation and swelling involving the prostate gland.One of your primary symptoms is

Correct Answer
verified

________ is the most abundant organic waste.

Correct Answer
verified

The condition called ________ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can becometwisted or kinked during movement.

Correct Answer
verified

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following components of the nephron is largely confined to the renal medulla?

Correct Answer
verified

The concentration at which all of the carriers in renal tubules for a given substance are saturated is the

Correct Answer
verified

Each kidney has about ________ nephrons.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
ADH will increase the number of aquapori...
View Answer

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

Correct Answer
verified

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ________ epithelium.

Correct Answer
verified

The mechanism for producing a concentrated urine involves all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

The process that transports solutes, including many drugs, into the tubular fluid is called

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The area of the urinary bladder bounded by the openings of the two ureters and the urethra is called the

Correct Answer
verified

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: The Urinary System

In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of water is reabsorbed by osmosis in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) in the glomerulus is generated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your doctor has diagnosed you with prostatitis, an inflammation and swelling involving the prostate gland.One of your primary symptoms is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is the most abundant organic waste.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The condition called ________ is especially dangerous because the ureters or renal blood vessels can becometwisted or kinked during movement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following components of the nephron is largely confined to the renal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration at which all of the carriers in renal tubules for a given substance are saturated is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each kidney has about ________ nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedADH will increase the number of aquapori...View AnswerShow Answer

Figure 26-2 The Nephron Use Figure 26-2 to answer the following questions: -Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by ________ epithelium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism for producing a concentrated urine involves all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process that transports solutes, including many drugs, into the tubular fluid is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The area of the urinary bladder bounded by the openings of the two ureters and the urethra is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is may be due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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ADH will increase the number of aquapori...
View Answer

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