Question 1

When the blood becomes hypertonic (too many solutes), ADH is released. What is the effect of ADH on the kidney tubules?

Accepted Answer

The release of ADH causes the ...

Question 2

The regulation of potassium balance ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is not linked to sodium balance
B)   includes renal secretion, but never absorption
C)   is accomplished mainly by hepatic mechanisms
D)   involves aldosterone-induced secretion of potassiumE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Carotid artery and aortic baroreceptors are involved in long term adjustment to total body sodium ion content.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following statements is True regarding fluid shifts?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nonelectrolytes are the controlling factor in directing fluid shifts.
B)   Electrolytes are not as important as proteins in regulating fluid shifts in the body.
C)   Electrolytes have greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes and therefore have the greatest ability to cause fluid shifts.
D)   There are always more positive electrolytes than negative in a solution; it is therefore impossible to follow fluid shifts.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The single most important factor influencing potassium ion secretion is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the potassium ion content in the renal tubule cells
B)   the pH of the ICF
C)   intracellular sodium levels
D)   potassium ion concentration in blood plasmaE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The regulation of sodium ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is due to specific sodium receptors in the hypothalamus
B)   is linked to blood pressure
C)   involves aldosterone, a hormone that increases sodium excretion in the kidneys
D)   involves hypothalamic osmoreceptor detection of ion concentrationE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

How does the respiratory system influence the buffer systems of the body?

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system maintains a const...

Question 8

Sodium is pivotal to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all body systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Some potassium ions are reabsorbed from the kidney filtrate via type A intercalated cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Match the following:
A) Addison's disease
B) Hypoproteinemia
C) Edema
D) Aldosterone
E) Hyponatremia
-A disorder entailing deficient mineralocorticoid hormone production by the adrenal cortex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following:
A) Addison's disease
B) Hypoproteinemia
C) Edema
D)...

Question 11

Match the following:
A) Addison's disease
B) Hypoproteinemia
C) Edema
D) Aldosterone
E) Hyponatremia
-A condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins resulting in tissue edema.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following:
A) Addison's disease
B) Hypoproteinemia
C) Edema
D)...

Question 12

A falling blood pH and a rising partial pressure of carbon dioxide due to pneumonia or emphysema indicates ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory acidosis
B)   respiratory alkalosis
C)   metabolic acidosis
D)   metabolic alkalosisE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Molecules that can act reversibly as acids or bases depending upon the pH of their environment are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules that can act reversibly as acids...

Question 14

Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   enhance atrial contractions
B)   activate the renin-angiotensin mechanism
C)   prevent pH changes caused by organic acids
D)   reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium and water retentionE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Identify and describe the operation of the three major chemical buffers of the body.

Accepted Answer

The bicarbonate buffer system (carbonic ...

Question 16

Which of the choices below is not an essential role of salts in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   neuromuscular activity
B)   membrane permeability
C)   secretory activity
D)   anabolism of lipidsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Solutes, regardless of size, are able to move freely between compartments because water carries them along the osmotic gradients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Aldosterone is secreted in response to low extracellular potassium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

When does a person experience greater thirst, during periods when ADH release is elicited or during periods when aldosterone release is elicited?

Accepted Answer

A person experiences...

Question 20

Match the following:
A) Extracellular
B) Electrolytes
C) Nonelectrolytes
D) Interstitial
E) Intracellular
-Spaces between cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the following:
A) Extracellular
B) Electrolytes
C) Nonelectrolytes
D) Interstitial
E)...

Exam 25: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

When the blood becomes hypertonic (too many solutes), ADH is released. What is the effect of ADH on the kidney tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe release of ADH causes the ...View AnswerShow Answer

Carotid artery and aortic baroreceptors are involved in long term adjustment to total body sodium ion content.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following: A) Addison's disease B) Hypoproteinemia C) Edema D) Aldosterone E) Hyponatremia -A condition of unusually low levels of plasma proteins resulting in tissue edema.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following: A) Addison's disease B) Hypoproteinemia C) Edema D) Aldosterone E) Hyponatremia -A disorder entailing deficient mineralocorticoid hormone production by the adrenal cortex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sodium is pivotal to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all body systems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Solutes, regardless of size, are able to move freely between compartments because water carries them along the osmotic gradients.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following: A) Extracellular B) Electrolytes C) Nonelectrolytes D) Interstitial E) Intracellular -Spaces between cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is made in the atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A falling blood pH and a rising partial pressure of carbon dioxide due to pneumonia or emphysema indicates ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aldosterone is secreted in response to low extracellular potassium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some potassium ions are reabsorbed from the kidney filtrate via type A intercalated cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When does a person experience greater thirst, during periods when ADH release is elicited or during periods when aldosterone release is elicited?

Correct AnswerverifiedA person experiences...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is True regarding fluid shifts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify and describe the operation of the three major chemical buffers of the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe bicarbonate buffer system (carbonic ...View AnswerShow Answer

The regulation of potassium balance ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molecules that can act reversibly as acids or bases depending upon the pH of their environment are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the respiratory system influence the buffer systems of the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe respiratory system maintains a const...View AnswerShow Answer

The regulation of sodium ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the choices below is not an essential role of salts in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The single most important factor influencing potassium ion secretion is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The release of ADH causes the ...
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A person experiences...
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The bicarbonate buffer system (carbonic ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The respiratory system maintains a const...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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