Question 1

The respiratory therapist is looking at a flow-volume curve that displays a concave shape on the expiratory tracing.What is this change most consistent with?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neuromuscular disease
B)  Abnormal chest wall configuration
C)  Interstitial fibrosis
D)  AsthmaE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

How should the therapist interpret the following pressure-volume loop obtained from a mechanically ventilated infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  A leak has developed in the ventilator-patient system.
B)  The patient's lungs are being overinflated.
C)  The patient is displaying trigger dyssynchrony.
D)  The patient's lungs are exhibiting increased compliance.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

How is airway resistance calculated?

Accepted Answer

A)  By dividing the airway occlusion pressure by the expiratory flow
B)  By dividing the transpulmonary pressure by the expiratory flow
C)  By multiplying the expiratory flow by the pressure gradient responsible for initiating inspiration
D)  By multiplying the expiratory occlusion pressure by the transpulmonary pressure gradientE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following factors is the most important determinant of high airway resistance and air trapping in small infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The small tidal volume
B)  Small diameter of the airways
C)  Excessive amount of mucus production
D)  The length of the airwaysE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following major forces opposes inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inspiratory flow
B)  Surface tension
C)  Airway resistance
D)  Respiratory rateE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

The therapist is reviewing a flow-volume loop obtained from a pediatric patient and observes decreased volume and normal flows.On the basis of this observation,how should the therapist interpret this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obstructive pattern
B)  Restrictive pattern
C)  Fixed airway obstruction
D)  Variable extrathoracic obstructionE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Pulmonary function testing has been ordered in an infant.Which of the following represents a real risk to this infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant may require sedation for up to 3 hours.
B)  If the infant cries,it will make the test invalid or open to misinterpretation.
C)  The gases used for the PFT may be toxic for the infant.
D)  The inability to feed the child 24 hours prior to the testE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

On the basis of the bronchial provocation data presented in the following table,identify the PD₂₀ (provocative dose that produces a 20% fall in FEV₁) .

Accepted Answer

A)  0.025 mg/mL
B)  0.25 mg/mL
C)  2.5 mg/mL
D)  10 mg/mLE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following pulmonary function values characterize an obstructive lung defect?
I.The forced vital capacity (FVC) may remain normal.
II.The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) is decreased.
III.The ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) may be normal.
IV.The FEV₁ is decreased.

Accepted Answer

A)  II and IV only
B)  I,II,and III only
C)  I,III,and IV only
D)  II,III,and IV onlyE) None of the above
F) B) and C) C

Question 10

On the partial expiratory flow-volume loop shown here,identify the point depicting the "maximal expiratory flow at FRC."

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  DE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

According to the ATS-ERS acceptability criteria for an FVC maneuver performed on a 9-year-old child,what is considered a satisfactory exhalation time?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 second
B)  2 seconds
C)  3 seconds
D)  6 secondsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

A reduction in the DLCO may indicate the presence of which of the following conditions?
I.Pulmonary fibrosis
II.Pulmonary edema
III.Hematologic disorders
IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only
B)  I and III only
C)  I,II,and III only
D)  I,II,III,and IVE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

A child has been diagnosed with vocal cord dysfunction.Which of the following flow-volume loops demonstrates this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Figure 5-9C
B)  Figure 5-9A
C)  Figure 5-9B
D)  Figure 5-8BE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

What is the clinical purpose for measuring the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  To assess lung function before and after bronchodilator administration
B)  To help patients with asthma management at home
C)  To evaluate the strength of respiratory muscles
D)  To assist in performing bronchial hygiene techniquesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above C

Question 15

Why must caution be exercised when using a face mask while performing pulmonary function testing on neonates?

Accepted Answer

A)  To prevent trigeminal nerve stimulation
B)  To avoid necrosis of the facial skin
C)  To prevent vagal reflexes
D)  To prevent gastric insufflationsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above A

Question 16

On the basis of the data presented below,calculate the time constant.
•Tidal volume (VT) ,600 mL
•Respiratory rate (RR) ,12 breaths/minute
•Lung compliance (C) ,0.2 L/cm H₂O
•Airway resistance (Raw) ,2.5 cm H₂O/L/second
•Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) ,30 cm H₂O
•Inspiratory time (TI) ,2 seconds
•Expiratory time (TE) ,1 second

Accepted Answer

A)  4.5 seconds
B)  3.0 seconds
C)  0.5 second
D)  0.1 secondE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The respiratory therapist places a face mask on an infant to measure FRC.What should the therapist do to minimize the presence of air leaks and improve accuracy of the test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place a nose clip on the infant.
B)  Minimize the amount of helium used during the test.
C)  Minimize oxygen concentration and increase nitrogen concentration.
D)  Apply petroleum jelly on the edges of the mask before applying the mask to the face.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

A pre- and postbronchodilator,partial expiratory pressure-volume maneuver was performed on a 9-month-old boy.The child's prebronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 67 mL/second and the postbronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 94 mL/second.How should the therapist interpret these data?

Accepted Answer

A)  The data are erroneous.
B)  The data are inconclusive.
C)  The patient will not clinically improve with bronchodilator administration.
D)  The patient has demonstrated clinically significant improvement with bronchodilator administration.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 5: Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics

The respiratory therapist is looking at a flow-volume curve that displays a concave shape on the expiratory tracing.What is this change most consistent with?

Correct Answer
verified

How should the therapist interpret the following pressure-volume loop obtained from a mechanically ventilated infant?

Correct Answer
verified

How is airway resistance calculated?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following factors is the most important determinant of high airway resistance and air trapping in small infants?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following major forces opposes inspiration?

Correct Answer
verified

The therapist is reviewing a flow-volume loop obtained from a pediatric patient and observes decreased volume and normal flows.On the basis of this observation,how should the therapist interpret this finding?

Correct Answer
verified

Pulmonary function testing has been ordered in an infant.Which of the following represents a real risk to this infant?

Correct Answer
verified

On the basis of the bronchial provocation data presented in the following table,identify the PD₂₀ (provocative dose that produces a 20% fall in FEV₁) .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

On the partial expiratory flow-volume loop shown here,identify the point depicting the "maximal expiratory flow at FRC."

Correct Answer
verified

According to the ATS-ERS acceptability criteria for an FVC maneuver performed on a 9-year-old child,what is considered a satisfactory exhalation time?

Correct Answer
verified

A reduction in the DLCO may indicate the presence of which of the following conditions? I.Pulmonary fibrosis II.Pulmonary edema III.Hematologic disorders IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans

Correct Answer
verified

A child has been diagnosed with vocal cord dysfunction.Which of the following flow-volume loops demonstrates this condition?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the clinical purpose for measuring the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) ?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Why must caution be exercised when using a face mask while performing pulmonary function testing on neonates?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

The respiratory therapist places a face mask on an infant to measure FRC.What should the therapist do to minimize the presence of air leaks and improve accuracy of the test?

Correct Answer
verified

A pre- and postbronchodilator,partial expiratory pressure-volume maneuver was performed on a 9-month-old boy.The child's prebronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 67 mL/second and the postbronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 94 mL/second.How should the therapist interpret these data?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Pulmonary Function Testing and Bedside Pulmonary Mechanics

The respiratory therapist is looking at a flow-volume curve that displays a concave shape on the expiratory tracing.What is this change most consistent with?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How should the therapist interpret the following pressure-volume loop obtained from a mechanically ventilated infant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is airway resistance calculated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is the most important determinant of high airway resistance and air trapping in small infants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following major forces opposes inspiration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The therapist is reviewing a flow-volume loop obtained from a pediatric patient and observes decreased volume and normal flows.On the basis of this observation,how should the therapist interpret this finding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pulmonary function testing has been ordered in an infant.Which of the following represents a real risk to this infant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On the basis of the bronchial provocation data presented in the following table,identify the PD₂₀ (provocative dose that produces a 20% fall in FEV₁) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedC

On the partial expiratory flow-volume loop shown here,identify the point depicting the "maximal expiratory flow at FRC."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the ATS-ERS acceptability criteria for an FVC maneuver performed on a 9-year-old child,what is considered a satisfactory exhalation time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reduction in the DLCO may indicate the presence of which of the following conditions? I.Pulmonary fibrosis II.Pulmonary edema III.Hematologic disorders IV.Bronchiolitis obliterans

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child has been diagnosed with vocal cord dysfunction.Which of the following flow-volume loops demonstrates this condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the clinical purpose for measuring the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Why must caution be exercised when using a face mask while performing pulmonary function testing on neonates?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The respiratory therapist places a face mask on an infant to measure FRC.What should the therapist do to minimize the presence of air leaks and improve accuracy of the test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pre- and postbronchodilator,partial expiratory pressure-volume maneuver was performed on a 9-month-old boy.The child's prebronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 67 mL/second and the postbronchodilator mₐₓFRC was 94 mL/second.How should the therapist interpret these data?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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A

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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