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The aristocracy of the sixteenth century was


A) to dominate society as it had done in the Middle Ages.
B) largely surpassed by the upcoming merchant class.
C) still powerful, but with little new blood to keep it vital.
D) extremely uneducated compared to the nobility of the Middle Ages.
E) to disappear by the early seventeenth century.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The author of The Book of the Courtier, a handbook on courtly manners, was


A) Baldassare Castiglione.
B) Giovanni Pico della Mirandola.
C) Girolamo Savanarola.
D) Niccolò Machiavelli
E) Cosimo de Medici.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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During the Italian wars, the practice of resident diplomats spread throughout Europe, thus developing the machinery still in use today for conducting international diplomatic business.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following was NOT one of the five major powers that dominated the fifteenth-century Italian peninsula?


A) Florence.
B) the Papal States.
C) Milan.
D) Mantua.
E) Naples.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Slavery in Renaissance Italy


A) reached its height in the early sixteenth century.
B) was universally condemned by the Catholic Church.
C) disappeared entirely by the early fifteenth century.
D) experienced a slow decline.
E) saw slaves from Africa and the eastern Mediterranean used mostly as courtly domestic servants and as skilled workers.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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Federigo da Montefeltro of Urbino was


A) an example of a skilled, intelligent, independent Italian warrior prince.
B) an outspoken advocate of Italian unification.
C) a callous, disloyal prince, loathed by the papacy.
D) strictly opposed to the proliferation of condottieri in Italy.
E) a pious subject of the papacy.

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The wealth of the northern Italian cities that funded the Renaissance was gained mostly from


A) colonization.
B) the slave trade.
C) agriculture.
D) military conquest.
E) trade.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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What were the new ideologies in the Renaissance that possibly weakened the primacy of religion and of the Catholic Church?

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During the Renaissance, which spanned ro...

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The Renaissance popes did all of the following EXCEPT


A) patronize Renaissance culture.
B) participate in temporal authority at the expense of their spiritual responsibilities.
C) attempt to return to the papacy to more humble times.
D) combat church councils.
E) involve themselves in politics and war.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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The sultan responsible for the capture of Constantinople in 1453 was


A) Ali.
B) Murad III.
C) Lazar I.
D) Mehmet II.
E) Ibrahim Pasha.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is NOT true of Northern Renaissance artists?


A) They had less mastery of the laws of perspective than many Italian painters.
B) The most influential artist was Jan van Eyck.
C) There was an emphasis on illuminated manuscripts and wooden panel painting.
D) They valued the secular human form as the primary subject of painting.
E) They never portrayed the human body.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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The word "Renaissance" means


A) rebirth.
B) new world.
C) maturation.
D) escape.
E) culture.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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What are the major features of Italian Renaissance humanism? What does the word humanism mean? Who were the humanists? What were their goals? Did they achieve them?

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The major features of Italian Renaissanc...

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In writing The Prince, Niccolo Machiavelli used Cesare Borgia, the son of Pope Alexander VI, as the model prince that others should imitate.

A) True
B) False

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Which ancient writer was considered by civic humanists as their model?


A) Aristotle.
B) Plato.
C) Cicero.
D) Marcus Aurelius.
E) Suetonius.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The family of merchants and bankers who dominated Florence during the high point of the Renaissance was the


A) Gonzaga.
B) Bardi.
C) Sforza.
D) Medici.
E) Machiavelli.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The development of printing in the fifteenth century


A) pertained predominantly to secular works, as theological works were still done by hand.
B) saw the invention of movable type by Nicholas Fabian.
C) ensured that literacy and new knowledge would spread rapidly in European society.
D) made communication and collaborative work between scholars more difficult due to competition.
E) had little impact until the eighteenth century.

F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The commercial and military association known as the Hansa or Hanseatic League was created by


A) the Italian republics.
B) the kingdom of France.
C) Ferdinand and Isabella.
D) Constantinople.
E) North German coastal towns.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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The "new monarchs" of the late fifteenth century in Europe


A) continued the trend toward decentralization.
B) were focused upon the acquisition and expansion of power.
C) attempted to build up the nobility for support.
D) accepted the domination of the church as a matter of course.
E) All of these are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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One of the foremost preoccupations of Italian Renaissance art was


A) the elimination of religious images in painting and sculpture.
B) the realistic portrayal of the human nude.
C) to reject the trend of realism and emphasize abstract artistic forms.
D) the exclusion of humans in favor of purely sacred images.
E) a refusal to study mathematical laws and anatomical structures.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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