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As the nurse and the dietitian review a female patient's diet plan with her, she shouts that with her diabetes and now the kidney failure, there is just nothing she can eat. She says she might as well eat what she wants, because there is nothing she can do to help herself. Based on the patient's response, which nursing diagnosis does the nurse identify?


A) Noncompliance, risk for, related to feelings of anger
B) Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements, related to knowledge deficit
C) Anticipatory grieving, related to actual and perceived losses
D) Ineffective coping, related to sense of powerlessness

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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The patient with nephrosis complains about the need for bed rest. How would the nurse explain the benefit of bed rest?


A) The recumbent position may initiate diuresis.
B) It preserves the skin integrity.
C) It lowers the level of albuminuria.
D) It saves stress on joints.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis report on an assigned patient. The nurse recognizes which findings to be normal? (Select all that apply.)


A) Turbidity clear
B) pH 6.0
C) Glucose negative
D) Red blood cells, 15 to 20
E) White blood cells

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In the nephrotic syndrome, the glomeruli are damaged by inflammation and allow small _______ to pass through into the urine.

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proteins
In nephrotic syndrome, the glom...

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What is the hormone from the posterior pituitary gland that influences the amount of water that is eliminated with the urine?


A) Pitocin
B) Renin hormone
C) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D) ACTH

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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C

What should the patient be encouraged to eat during the active phase of acute renal failure?


A) A diet high in sodium
B) A diet high in potassium
C) A diet high in fats
D) A diet high in fluid sources

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following are signs of fluid overload in the patient with nephrosis? (Select all that apply.)


A) Increase in pulse rate
B) Increase in daily weight
C) Clear lung sounds
D) Edema
E) Labored respirations

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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_____________ is a term for severe generalized edema.

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Anasarca
The patient with neph...

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The patient is scheduled for a transurethral resection of the prostate. During preoperative teaching, what should the nurse emphasize about what the patient can expect after the procedure?


A) Red drainage from the catheter
B) Limited intake of fluids
C) A sodium-restricted diet
D) Incisional drainage

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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A patient with cystitis is receiving phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for pain and is voiding a bright red-orange urine. What should the nurse do?


A) Report this immediately
B) Explain to the patient that this is normal
C) Increase fluid intake
D) Collect a specimen

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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B

A patient who is receiving continuous bladder irrigation following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) complains of "spasm-like" pain over his lower abdomen. What should the initial intervention be by the nurse?


A) Inform the nurse in charge
B) Decrease the continuous bladder irrigation flow
C) Administer the prescribed analgesic
D) Check the catheter and drainage system for obstruction

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The nurse assessing a patient who is taking furosemide (Lasix) finds an irregular pulse. This is likely a sign of:


A) hypomagnesemia.
B) hypernatremia.
C) hypokalemia.
D) hypercalcemia.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Put the sequence of blood flow in order of flow through the nephron. (Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D) A) Reabsorption in loop of Henle B) Efferent arteriole C) Filtration in the glomerulus D) Reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule E) Afferent arteriole F) Secretion in the distal convoluted tubule

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E, C, D, A, F, B
The blood enters the ne...

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The nurse notes the amount and color of the urine the patient with urolithiasis has voided. While using Standard Precautions, what should be the nurse's next action?


A) Discard the urine
B) Add the urine to a 24-hour collector
C) Send the urine to the laboratory
D) Strain the urine

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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A home health patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has a nursing diagnosis of powerlessness related to life-altering disease. Which nursing intervention would be most helpful?


A) Ensure restricted protein intake to prevent nitrogenous product accumulation.
B) Include the patient in making the plan of care.
C) Counsel patient about end-of-life provisions.
D) Write out a detailed schedule of physician's appointments.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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An intravenous pyelogram confirms the presence of a 4-mm renal calculus in the proximal left ureter of a newly admitted patient. Physician orders include meperidine (Demerol) 100 mg IM q4h PRN, strain all urine, and encourage fluids to 4000 mL/day. What should be the nurse's highest priority when planning care for this patient?


A) Pain related to irritation of a stone
B) Anxiety related to unclear outcome of condition
C) Ineffective health maintenance related to lack of knowledge about prevention of stones
D) Risk for injury related to disorientation

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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What should the nurse encourage, barring any other contraindication, when teaching a patient how to decrease the chance of further problems with urolithiasis?


A) Increase his fluid intake
B) Increase intake of dairy products
C) Restrict his protein intake
D) Take one baby aspirin daily

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Why are pediatric patients, especially girls, susceptible to urinary tract infections?


A) Genetically females have a weaker immune system
B) Females have a short and proximal urethra in relation to the vagina
C) Girls are more sexually active than males
D) Girls have a weakened musculature and sphincter tone

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Exercises to increase muscle tone of the pelvic floor are known as ____________ exercises.

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Kegel
Women with weakened structures of ...

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It is 2 days after a 42-year-old male patient's urinary diversion surgery. He continues to be critical of the hospital and the nursing care, even though the staff has spent time explaining the care to him. What is the most likely explanation for his behavior?


A) He is angry about hospital policy.
B) He is feeling neglected by the nursing staff.
C) He is in denial of the effects of the surgery.
D) He is reacting to the loss of self-esteem and altered body image.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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D

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