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Upward-pointing rods formed in caves and caverns are called


A) open features.
B) water table dissolution.
C) stalactites.
D) stalagmites.
E) columns.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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A permeable layer of rock is called an aquiclude.

A) True
B) False

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Once field capacity is reached,excess water flows downward as __________ water.


A) capillary
B) gravitational
C) unsaturated
D) hygroscopic
E) field

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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When soil pore space becomes completely filled with water,it is considered to be at field capacity.

A) True
B) False

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During stage three of cave evolution,formerly submerged caverns are located in the unsaturated zone exposing the caves and caverns.

A) True
B) False

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With increasing precipitation,pore spaces fill with capillary water.

A) True
B) False

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Karst landscapes are widespread in regions of ________ rainfall.


A) low
B) high
C) no
D) variable
E) acid

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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Under most circumstances,water that falls to the surface of the Earth is not absorbed by the soil

A) True
B) False

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A surface river or stream that flows into a sinkhole,moving into an underground river system,is called a disappearing stream.

A) True
B) False

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The majority of people living in the Sahara are clustered around


A) sinkholes.
B) oases.
C) the saturated zone.
D) the coast.
E) tops of sand dunes.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When water is pumped out of a well that causes the water table around a well to drop,the initial feature formed is called the


A) unsaturated zone.
B) saturated zone.
C) cone of depression.
D) nonpermeable layer.
E) aldose zone.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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What is the main cause of subsidence associated with aquifers?

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The main cause of subsidence with aquife...

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The largest aquifers occur in regions with abundant _________ sediments over broad geographic regions.


A) clay
B) sandy
C) loamy
D) compacted
E) cobbles

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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The zone of rock that is completely saturated with water is called the water zone.

A) True
B) False

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The Big Room in Carlsbad Caverns is nearly 360,000 ft².

A) True
B) False

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A large cave system is called a


A) cavity.
B) depression.
C) sinkhole.
D) carbonated void.
E) cavern.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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What is the difference between an aquifer and an artesian well?

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An aquifer is a geological formation tha...

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Stalactites develop from the top of a cave or cavern.

A) True
B) False

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What could be some limiting factors in the formation of caves and caverns?

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The amount of water available for dissol...

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Stalagmites develop when water drips to the cave floor.

A) True
B) False

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