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The magnetic orientation and age of different regions of the seafloor is inferred from the total field intensity using towed magnetometers.

A) True
B) False

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What is the most likely explanation for why there are no islands, only deep seamounts and guyots NW of Kauai towards Midway?


A) The seafloor farther from the current hot spot has aged and cooled off, so the volcanoes eroded and sank below sea level.
B) The hot spot was less vigorous from 27 to 65 million years than subsequently.
C) The Pacific plate moved much faster during the period in question and there wasn't time to build tall volcanoes over the Hawaiian hot spot.
D) The intervening seafloor is thinner so it sat higher and eroded off all the volcanoes.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The oldest sediments on oceanic crust are found in deep ocean trenches far away from active, mid-ocean ridges.

A) True
B) False

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Plates are moving apart from one another with a ________ plate boundary.


A) divergent
B) transform
C) convergent
D) strike-slip

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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The Cascadia subduction zone and arc is formed as oceanic lithosphere is subducted beneath western North America.

A) True
B) False

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________ plate boundaries have the largest magnitude earthquakes.


A) Divergent and transform
B) Transform and convergent
C) Divergent and convergent
D) All plate boundaries have large magnitude earthquakes.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Lake Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa both form from waters that occupy the downdropped rift valley of the East African Rift.

A) True
B) False

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A curved line of volcanic islands spaced about 80 kilometres apart along the edge of one plate where two oceanic plates meet is called a(n) ________.


A) hot spot track
B) oceanic volcanic rift zone
C) volcanic island arc
D) subsided and failed continental rift

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Match the plate boundary with the appropriate phrase. -________ characterized by basaltic volcanism and seafloor spreading


A) convergent
B) transform
C) divergen

D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

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The volcanoes of Hawaii are localized above a deep mantle plume and hot spot; they are not part of the East Pacific Rise.

A) True
B) False

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Match the plate boundary with the appropriate phrase. -________ the San Andreas fault


A) convergent
B) transform
C) divergen

D) A) and C)
E) All of the above

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Match the plate boundary with the appropriate phrase. -________ this boundary is normally devoid of volcanism


A) convergent
B) transform
C) divergen

D) B) and C)
E) A) and C)

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Approximately ________ major lithospheric plates exist today.


A) 11
B) 2
C) 7
D) 4

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Pull-apart, rift zones are generally associated with a ________ plate boundary.


A) divergent
B) transform
C) convergent
D) subduction

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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What is the inclination of Earth's magnetic field as recorded in a recent lava flow on a volcano in northern Peru?


A) nearly horizontal and pointing north
B) nearly vertical and pointing north
C) nearly horizontal and pointing south
D) nearly vertical and pointing south

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Although Alfred Wegener presented compelling evidence for his continental drift hypothesis (despite lacking a mechanism), why was the true nature of plate boundaries not determined until the 1960s?

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Only then was the technology available t...

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What do the Appalachians have in common tectonically with the Himalayas?


A) They are both active, convergent, continental-margin arc systems.
B) They both formed by continental rifting.
C) They both formed by continent-continent collision.
D) They are both unusual places where ocean crust overrode the continent.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Match the plate boundary with the appropriate phrase. -________ plates are moving apart from one another


A) convergent
B) transform
C) divergen

D) A) and B)
E) All of the above

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The modern-day Red Sea is explained by plate tectonics theory because it is ________.


A) a tiny remnant of a once immense ocean that was closed as Africa moved into Asia
B) the site of a transform fault along which Arabia is moving away from Africa
C) a rift zone that may eventually open into a major ocean if Arabia and Africa continue to separate
D) a rare example of a two continent subduction zone where both the African and Arabian continental plates are both sinking under the Red Sea plate

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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The outermost surface expression of a subduction zone is the accretionary wedge, a mountain fold belt built up above sea level by the underthrust ocean crust.

A) True
B) False

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