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Exam 12: Stress, Health, and Coping

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Question 151

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Daily hassles are everyday minor events that annoy and upset people.

A) True
B) False

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Question 152

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Research on the relationship between daily hassles and psychological distress and physical symptoms has shown that the:

A) frequency of daily hassles is unrelated to psychological distress and physical illness.
B) number of daily hassles people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of major life events experienced.
C) number of major life events people experience is a better predictor of psychological distress and physical illness than the number of daily hassles experienced.
D) more hassles you experience, the less likely you are to suffer psychological distress and physical illness.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 153

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Members of collectivistic cultures tend to emphasize personal autonomy and personal responsibility in dealing with problems, and are less likely to seek support in stressful situations than members of individualistic cultures.

According to psychologist Shelley Taylor, women respond to stress with a behavioral pattern she calls:

Mrs. Smith responded to the loss of her spouse with anger, started questioning her religious beliefs, and felt that she was being punished. Mrs. Smith is responding with _____ in trying to deal with her grief.

Emotion-focused coping efforts are primarily aimed at directly changing or managing a threatening or harmful stressor.

One way researchers try to disentangle the relationship between personality and health is by conducting carefully controlled prospective studies. The important aspect of this research approach is that:

A pessimistic explanatory style involves accounting for negative events or situations with internal, stable, and global explanations.

Research on Type A personality has shown that feeling a sense of time urgency and being competitive or achievement oriented does not seem to be associated with the development of heart disease.

Women are more likely than men to rely primarily on their spouse for social support, so they are also more likely to suffer from social isolation and loneliness if their spouse dies.

Men are more likely than women to suffer from the stress contagion effect because they tend to become upset about negative events that happen to others in their social network.

Positive religious coping involves seeking comfort or reassurance in prayer or a religious community, or believing that your personal experience is spiritually meaningful.

The Focus on Neuroscience box "The Mysterious Placebo Effect" describes a positron emission tomographic scan study of the placebo effect. Which of the following was found in the study?

Walter Cannon is to _____ as Hans Selye is to _____.

_____ can be defined as a technique in which practitioners focus awareness on present experience with acceptance.

The relationship between psychological factors and illness, stress, and coping are all topics that are studied in the field of _____, which is guided by the _____ model.

According to cardiologists Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman, _____ is a behavioral and emotional style characterized by a sense of time urgency, hostility, and competitiveness.

The term social support refers to the resources provided by other people in times of need.

In contrast to the view of Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, most people weather major life events without developing serious physical or psychological problems.

Yoko is very dedicated to her career as a partner in a large, prestigious law firm. She often works 60 hours a week and thoroughly enjoys the challenges of her high-pressure job. Yoko hates to waste time because keeping up with the demands of family life and her career requires that she manage her time very efficiently. Although she is very ambitious, Yoko is also a good-natured person who rarely raises her voice and never has an unkind word to say about anyone. Based on this description, you could probably conclude that: