Question 1

Choose the option that correctly matches all rock types with their source environments.

Accepted Answer

A)   conglomerate: lake bottoms; limestone: sea floor; evaporites: stream deltas
B)   conglomerate: river bottoms; limestone: lake bottoms; mudstone: lake bottoms
C)   limestone: river bottoms; conglomerate: sea floor; evaporites: ocean beaches
D)   limestone: sea floor; evaporites: lake shores; conglomerates: stream deltasE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Question 2

How is coal produced?

Accepted Answer

A)   with natural gas
B)   the same way oil is produced
C)   Obsidian and water are mixed together and buried for hundreds of years.
D)   Plant organic matter is compressed into rock under elevated heat and pressure during burial.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sedimentary rocks experience physical changes such as dissolving and crystallization.
B)   Sedimentary rocks may undergo chemical changes such as organic material changing into coal.
C)   Sedimentary rocks may undergo radioactive changes that result in one element changing into another.
D)   Sedimentary rocks may change into other kinds of rocks under forces of heat and pressure.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Which is not one of the three main types of sediment grain?

Accepted Answer

A)   clastic
B)   biogenic
C)   conglomeratic
D)   chemicalE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of microscopic quartz is called

Accepted Answer

A)   limestone.
B)   rock gypsum.
C)   chert.
D)   dolostone.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

What occurs during hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   A mineral dissolves in water.
B)   A mineral reacts with water to produce a new mineral and ions in solution.
C)   A mineral breaks down into smaller minerals.
D)   A mineral is submerged into the ocean.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

What is the link between weathering and making sediment? (5.2)

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rock into the com...

Question 8

Chert, composed mainly of quartz, forms only by inorganic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Coal is

Accepted Answer

A)   a very rare fossil fuel.
B)   a chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of plant organic matter.
C)   an inorganic form of energy.
D)   a mafic igneous rock.E) None of the above
F) A) and D) B

Question 10

The strongest acid in chemical weathering forms from mixing carbon dioxide and water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of mud and splits into sheets would be called a

Accepted Answer

A)   shale.
B)   mudstone.
C)   claystone.
D)   siltstone.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

What is the chemical relationship between rock and the sediments rock is weathered into?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have the same chemical composition.
B)   The sediments consist of all the same minerals, divided into separate flakes.
C)   Most of the rock minerals dissolve; only a few harder minerals form sediment.
D)   Most of the same minerals are present in both.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Choose the option that matches the pore particles with the cement it forms upon reaction with water.

Accepted Answer

A)   Feldspar grains become hematite; iron-silicate grains form quartz.
B)   Silicate grains become clay; iron-oxide grains form hematite.
C)   Pyroxene grains become clay; carboN-silicate grains form hematite.
D)   Feldspar grains become clay; iron-silicate grains form hematite.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which type of rock is abundant in older rock formations but more rare in newer formations, may contain oil or gas, and is formed by a reaction with a previous sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   anthracite
B)   bituminous coal
C)   chert
D)   dolostoneE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

What do the three ingredients of sedimentary-rock texture include?

Accepted Answer

A)   the mineralogy of the grains
B)   the rounding of the grains
C)   the dominant grain size
D)   the degree of sorting, rounding of grains, and dominant grain sizeE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

Why are oxygen and water the two main components involved in chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are extremely rare.
B)   They are among the most abundant and easily bonding molecules on earth.
C)   They are very good at it, so they do it a lot.
D)   Nothing else can chemically alter minerals.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

What do pores allow for in rock forming processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Magma seeps through pores, resulting in igneous rock.
B)   Hydrothermal energy seeps through pores, allowing for the production of electricity.
C)   Water seeps through pores, resulting in dissolution.
D)   Minerals precipitate from the water into pores, cementing grains together.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of sand-size grains (10% feldspar, 65% quartz and 25% rock fragments)  would be called a

Accepted Answer

A)   mixed sandstone.
B)   lithic sandstone.
C)   rock fragment sandstone.
D)   low quartz sandstone.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B) B

Question 19

Sedimentary rocks are the most common rocks on Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Why can volcanic rocks occasionally contain fossils?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lava does not melt bones.
B)   Volcanic ash, if builds quickly enough, can preserve the remains of organisms.
C)   Magma cools so quickly that fossils get trapped inside.
D)   Organisms were often attracted to volcanoes and fell inside them by accident.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 5: Formation of Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Choose the option that correctly matches all rock types with their source environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

How is coal produced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not one of the three main types of sediment grain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chemical or biogenic sedimentary rock consisting of microscopic quartz is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What occurs during hydrolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the link between weathering and making sediment? (5.2)

Correct AnswerverifiedWeathering breaks down rock into the com...View AnswerShow Answer

Chert, composed mainly of quartz, forms only by inorganic processes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coal is

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The strongest acid in chemical weathering forms from mixing carbon dioxide and water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of mud and splits into sheets would be called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the chemical relationship between rock and the sediments rock is weathered into?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the option that matches the pore particles with the cement it forms upon reaction with water.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of rock is abundant in older rock formations but more rare in newer formations, may contain oil or gas, and is formed by a reaction with a previous sedimentary rock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do the three ingredients of sedimentary-rock texture include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are oxygen and water the two main components involved in chemical weathering?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do pores allow for in rock forming processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A clastic sedimentary rock composed of sand-size grains (10% feldspar, 65% quartz and 25% rock fragments) would be called a

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Sedimentary rocks are the most common rocks on Earth's surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why can volcanic rocks occasionally contain fossils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Weathering breaks down rock into the com...
View Answer

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B

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B

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