Question 1

The partial pressure of a gas is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fractional concentration of the gas multiplied by the overall, atmospheric pressure.
B)  a measure of how quickly a gas moves across a respiratory surface.
C)  the weight of a given volume of the gas.
D)  equivalent to the total atmospheric pressure.
E)  the difference in concentration of that gas inside and outside of a cell.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

We breathe more quickly and deeply when we exercise. Why does this make sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because when we exercise, we consume more CO2 and must increase ventilation to supply the CO2.
B)  Because when we exercise, we use more ATP, and additional O2 is necessary to generate sufficient ATP.
C)  Because when we exercise, we hydrolyze more ATP to ADP and Pi, and O2 is necessary for the hydrolysis, so we increase our intake of oxygen.
D)  Because when we exercise, we produce more CO2  and increased ventilation is necessary to rid ourselves of CO2.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

At the venous end of a capillary, the blood pressure is _____ the osmotic pressure and fluid _____ the blood vessel.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower than; moves into
B)  higher than; moves into
C)  lower than; moves out of
D)  higher than; moves out of
E)  equal to; remains withinF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

The respiratory system of which of the following organisms relies on air sacs to move air through the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  birds
B)  mammals
C)  fish
D)  amphibians
E)  reptilesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

If a hemoglobin molecule comes into close contact with a respiring cell, the presence of CO2 in the environment will cause hemoglobin to bind to more oxygen molecules (if it is not already bound to four).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is the function of surfactant in the mammalian respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of surface tension in the fluid covering the alveoli
B)  capture and removal of inhaled foreign particles
C)  maintaining a moist surface
D)  transport of oxygen
E)  as an antibioticF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

If the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)  in a man's blood plasma decreased below that in his red blood cells, what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  More oxygen would diffuse into his red blood cells and be transported throughout his body.
B)  Oxygen would diffuse out of his red blood cells, and less oxygen would be transported throughout his body.
C)  The concentration of oxygen would be the same in red blood cells and blood plasma.D) A) and C)
E) B) and C)

Question 8

A researcher is culturing cells in an incubator where the gas levels are carefully regulated. If the researcher observes that the pO2 in the incubator is 200 mmHg, what can the researcher deduce about the pO2 of her cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pO2 of her cells is greater than 200 mmHg.
B)  The pO2 of her cells is less than or equal to 200 mmHg.
C)  The pO2 of her cells must be greater than 400 mmHg.
D)  No determination can be made regarding the pO2 in these cells.
E)  None of the answer options is correct.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Recall that the muscles of marine mammals contain a great deal of _____. Oxygen binds to the one heme site in this molecule, and can be "stored" in muscles until it is required by muscle cells during a dive.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that the muscles of marine mammals...

Question 10

Which of the following will NOT pass through the phospholipid bilayer of a membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide
B)  sodium ions
C)  molecular oxygenD) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 11

If the partial pressure of oxygen outside of a cell is 100 mmHg and the partial pressure of oxygen inside of a cell is 25 mmHg, which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  There will be a net movement of oxygen from outside the cell to inside the cell.
B)  There will be a net movement of oxygen from inside the cell to outside the cell.
C)  There will be no net movement of oxygen in either direction.
D)  There will be a net movement of carbon dioxide into the cell.
E)  There will be a net movement of carbon dioxide out of the cell.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Which of the following relationships BEST describes the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)  in the lung (alveolar air) , red blood cells, and blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  pO2 lung 2 blood plasma 2 red blood cell
B)  pO2 blood plasma 2 lung 2 red blood cell
C)  pO2 red blood cell 2 lung 2 blood plasma
D)  pO2 red blood cell 2 blood plasma 2 lungE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Cardiac output equals:

Accepted Answer

A)  heart rate times stroke volume.
B)  heart rate divided by stroke volume.
C)  stroke volume divided by heart rate.
D)  heart rate plus stroke volume.
E)  stroke volume minus heart rate.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 14

What would happen to a mammalian heart if the nerves leading to it were severed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart muscle would stop contracting.
B)  The heart muscle would contract randomly.
C)  The heart muscle would continue to contract but its contraction rate may change.
D)  Only the atria would be able to contract.
E)  Systolic contraction would still occur, but diastolic relaxation could not occur.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

How many molecules of O2 can a single hemoglobin molecule carry when fully saturated?

Accepted Answer

A)  4
B)  8
C)  1
D)  2
E)  16F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Imagine that a doctor encounters a patient carrying a mutation that reduces collagen production. As a result, the arteries of this patient will likely be stronger and more resistant to aneurysms compared to arteries in an individual not carrying this mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following types of blood vessels would have the greatest resistance to flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  veins
B)  capillaries
C)  venules
D)  arteries
E)  arteriolesF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Diffusion of materials between the blood and body tissues occurs at which of the following blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  capillaries
B)  arteries
C)  veins
D)  arterioles
E)  venulesF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

The pacemaker of the mammalian heart is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an electrically charged region of the pulmonary vein.
B)  a group of specialized cardiac muscle cells that initiate the heartbeat.
C)  modulated by signals from the autonomic nervous system.
D)  a group of fibers located between the atrium and the ventricle called the AV node.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

What effect does the nervous system have on the heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation by parasympathetic nerves causes the heart rate to slow down.
B)  Stimulation by sympathetic nerves sets the resting heart rate of the pacemaker cells in the SA node.
C)  Stimulation by sympathetic nerves causes the pacemaker cells of the AV node to depolarize more rapidly than the pacemaker cells of the SA node.
D)  Stimulation by either the sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves causes pacemaker cells in the SA node to depolarize more slowly.
E)  The nervous system does not directly affect the heart rate.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Exam 39: Animal Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

A researcher is culturing cells in an incubator where the gas levels are carefully regulated. If the researcher observes that the pO2 in the incubator is 200 mmHg, what can the researcher deduce about the pO2 of her cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diffusion of materials between the blood and body tissues occurs at which of the following blood vessels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following will NOT pass through the phospholipid bilayer of a membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following relationships BEST describes the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in the lung (alveolar air) , red blood cells, and blood plasma?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a hemoglobin molecule comes into close contact with a respiring cell, the presence of CO2 in the environment will cause hemoglobin to bind to more oxygen molecules (if it is not already bound to four).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cardiac output equals:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many molecules of O2 can a single hemoglobin molecule carry when fully saturated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pacemaker of the mammalian heart is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) in a man's blood plasma decreased below that in his red blood cells, what would be the result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the partial pressure of oxygen outside of a cell is 100 mmHg and the partial pressure of oxygen inside of a cell is 25 mmHg, which of the following statements is CORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recall that the muscles of marine mammals contain a great deal of _____. Oxygen binds to the one heme site in this molecule, and can be "stored" in muscles until it is required by muscle cells during a dive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that a doctor encounters a patient carrying a mutation that reduces collagen production. As a result, the arteries of this patient will likely be stronger and more resistant to aneurysms compared to arteries in an individual not carrying this mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of blood vessels would have the greatest resistance to flow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of surfactant in the mammalian respiratory system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The partial pressure of a gas is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The respiratory system of which of the following organisms relies on air sacs to move air through the lungs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We breathe more quickly and deeply when we exercise. Why does this make sense?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the venous end of a capillary, the blood pressure is _____ the osmotic pressure and fluid _____ the blood vessel.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen to a mammalian heart if the nerves leading to it were severed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does the nervous system have on the heart rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher is culturing cells in an incubator where the gas levels are carefully regulated. If the researcher observes that the pO₂ in the incubator is 200 mmHg, what can the researcher deduce about the pO₂of her cells?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following relationships BEST describes the partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂) in the lung (alveolar air) , red blood cells, and blood plasma?

Correct Answer
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If a hemoglobin molecule comes into close contact with a respiring cell, the presence of CO₂ in the environment will cause hemoglobin to bind to more oxygen molecules (if it is not already bound to four).

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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How many molecules of O₂ can a single hemoglobin molecule carry when fully saturated?

Correct Answer
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If the partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂) in a man's blood plasma decreased below that in his red blood cells, what would be the result?

Correct Answer
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At the venous end of a capillary, the blood pressure is _ the osmotic pressure and fluid _ the blood vessel.

Correct Answer
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